Task what is oligopoly and what are the characteristics of that?

5.1 What are the current R&D projects in the telecom industry of Uzbekistan?
A research findings lack comprehensive details on current R&D initiatives in Uzbekistan's telecom sector. But some of the findings indicate that the country is focusing on creative thinking and collaborating between both academia and industry. A certain research, for instance, looks at telecoms businesses' attitudes regarding R&D cooperation and creative thinking. Another study suggests a cluster model to innovative growth in Uzbekistan, involving collaboration among educational institutions, industry, and state.

Uzbekistan's Innovation Progress Report also examines industry-science interaction and links in the creative thinking process. Although search results fail to offer specific details on ongoing R&D projects, they do indicate that collaboration as well as creativity are important in Uzbekistan's telecommunication business.

5.2 What is the government's role in funding R&D projects in the telecom industry of Uzbekistan?
According to the search results, the state is involved in sponsoring R&D initiatives in Uzbekistan's telecom business. Based to one report, cooperative R&D projects in Uzbekistan's telecom sector are being carried out under the EU Framework. Furthermore, R&D expenditures in Uzbekistan covers both commercial and government spending on technological advancement. According to another report, Uzbekistan receives $200 per capita in public support for R&D.

The involvement of the government in sponsoring R&D initiatives is anticipated to be significant for the continued growth of Uzbekistan's telecommunication industry, as it can give financial backing to creative thinking and cooperation between sector and academics. The found results, lack specific details on the amount of governmental financing for R&D initiatives in Uzbekistan's telecom business.

Referencing list:

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   OGAnalysis. (2021). Uzbekistan Telecommunications Market Analysis Report 2019-2025 - Trends, Outlook and Growth Opportunities. Retrieved May 6, 2023, from https://www.oganalysis.com/industry-reports/217719/uzbekistan-telecommunications-market
   
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   Digital Journal. (n.d.). Uzbekistan Telecommunications Market Size 2022 l Top Manufacturers, Drivers, Trends, Challenges, and Opportunities, Forecast to 2027. Retrieved May 6, 2023, from https://www.digitaljournal.com/pr/uzbekistan-telecommunications-market-size-2022-l-top-manufacturers-drivers-trends-challenges-and-opportunities-forecast-to-2027
   
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   ReportLinker. (n.d.). Uzbekistan Telecommunications Strategic Analysis and Outlook to 2025- Analysis of Uzbekistan Mobile, Fixed Telephone and Broadband Markets. Retrieved May 6, 2023, from https://www.reportlinker.com/p05730187/Uzbekistan-Telecommunications-Strategic-Analysis-and-Outlook-to-2025-Analysis-of-Uzbekistan-Mobile-Fixed-Telephone-and-Broadband-Markets.html
   
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   Newsline.uz. (n.d.). Uzbekistan plans to develop competition in telecom sector. Retrieved May 6, 2023, from https://newsline.uz/2022/04/08/uzbekistan-plans-to-develop-competition-in-telecom-sector/