Teaching Competencies of Language Teachers in Research Universities in Beijing: Perspectives from Sotl and Institutional Theory
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- Table 4. Interview outline for regular language teachers. Themes Interview Questions
Table 3. Cont.
Univ. 1 Univ. 2 Univ. 3 Univ. 4 Univ. 5 Academic Title Assistant lecturer 0 0 1 0 0 Lecturer 1 1 2 3 1 Professor 2 0 2 2 1 2.2. Research Instrument and Data Collection An exploratory qualitative design was adopted to investigate the structure of teaching competencies and to explore the factors that mediate the development of such competen- cies. Semi-structured individual interviews were used to collect data. “For one-on-one interviewing, the researcher needs individuals who are not hesitant to speak and share ideas” [ 50 ]. In order to elicit rich information from the participants, convenience sampling was used in the process of establishing contact with the interviewees. The interviewees were recruited for the research through acquaintances’ recommendations. The interviews were based on outlines with 23 questions for regular teachers (Table 4 ), and 13 questions for head teachers of the language teaching units (Table 5 ). The questions covered three focal points: what are the most important teaching competencies for language teachers to possess; what factors influence the building of these competencies; and how can research universities nurture teaching competencies. Table 4. Interview outline for regular language teachers. Themes Interview Questions Structure of Teaching Competencies 1. How did you become a language teacher, and how long have you been teaching in this university? 2. What do you think are the most important abilities for a language teacher to possess? 3. How would you describe “an exceptionally good language teacher”? 4. How would you compare the differences between a language teacher and a teacher of a different discipline or a different academic field? 5. What, in your opinion, are the main objectives of teaching English to university students? 6. To what extent are you free to choose the teaching content in the classroom? Are there any required textbooks to follow? 7. What are your research interests? Is there a common research purpose in general in your research? 8. How would you comment on the idea that the job of a research university is higher education and knowledge production, and the job of a university teacher is teaching and doing research? Factors Mediating the Development of Teaching Competencies 9. If you are asked to divide your career into different stages, what would they be? Could you briefly describe the main task needed for each one? 10. Have you encountered any major difficulties in your work life? How have you solved these problem(s)? 11. How have the lessons you learned from that experience influenced your professional development? 12. In retrospect, what would you say be the most promoting opportunity or the most favorable condition affecting your development in teaching? 13. How many hours do you usually teach each week? How many hours do you work each week? 14. How do you see your work environment physically (office, supplies, workload, interpersonal relationships, etc.) and academically (conferences, seminars, funding, visiting scholar programs, etc.)? 15. How does your job pay, if you do not mind answering? 16. How do you understand the function that English teaching performs and the roles that language teachers play in this university? Does the university think language teachers have done a satisfactory job? 17. How well does society value the work that language teachers are doing in universities, according to your experiences? 18. In what direction do you expect College English courses to develop? Pathways for Developing Teaching Competencies 19. In what ways do you usually choose to develop teaching competencies? 20. What activities does the institution that you work at provide regularly to help its faculty grow professionally? How would you comment on these efforts? 21. How well does the institution support your professional ambitions? What suggestions would you make if it could provide better support? 22. What are your views on the existing system of teacher assessments, academic title appraisals, honors, and awards? 23. Is there anything else you would like to share or add regarding this topic? |
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