Pre-Listening: Prepare students for the listening activity by: 1.Introduce the topic of listening: Say the title of the topic. 2 Activate students’ existing knowledge: Lead a discussion around the topic to elicit what students already know about the topic and what they need to know or what information they anticipate listening to. 3Build prior knowledge: Provide appropriate background information about the speakers, the topic, concepts, and vocabulary embedded in the text, and motivate students’ interest to listen. 4Define a purpose for the listening activity: Ask students a pre-question to think of its answer while listening or identify a task for students to complete during listening.
While Listening: Students listen to the text at least twice: 1The first time: It allows students to answer the pre-question, get a general idea about the topic, and verify the accuracy of their predictions. 2The second time and subsequent times: They help students to derive the information they need to complete the tasks identified in the pre-listening stage. Examples of some tasks to be done while listening: 1Answering some questions on specific information in the listening text. 2A map chart/graph students complete as they listen.
Post-Listening: Students act upon what they have heard to give evidence that they understood the text. Examples of some post-listening tasks: 1Summarize the main ideas of the listening text either orally or in writing. 2Write a composition based on the material acquired during listening. 3Outline the material they listened to in writing using charts, diagrams, etc 8. 5Action-packed Discussion Activities for Your Advanced ESL Students
1. Discussion: Speed-dating Style This is a fun one that can be used as a main activity or as a warm-up to a lesson. First you’ll need to rearrange the classroom a bit, if you’re able to in your teaching environment.
Organize your class into two concentric circles with chairs from the outer circle facing in, and chairs from the inner circle facing out. The structure of this activity is much like the deeply romantic modern courtship ritual of speed dating. Choose one circle to be “mobile.
2. Think-Pair-Share Also called “Talking Partners,” this activity begins by giving the class a topic to think about. They can think quietly about the topic for a few minutes and are then assigned a partner.
Students will discuss their opinions about the issue with their partner. After a set number of minutes is up, pairs can share their opinions about the topic to the class as a whole.
3. Pros and Cons This simple activity is very useful—whether as preparation for structured discussion or debate, or as an end in itself. It can also be a great way for students to reflect on a topic while forming their own opinion.
Pros and Cons involves individually making lists of the pros and cons (or the for and against) of a given topic. It allows the student to weigh the different arguments and counterarguments in their minds.
4. Rounds An important aspect of discussion is empathy. The ability to understand things from another’s point of view can be crucial in helping us develop a more sophisticated opinion of our own. “Rounds” effectively does this by putting the student briefly in the position of playing devil’s advocate.
Begin the activity by writing a contentious discussion statement on the whiteboard, such as “Zoos are a necessary way to safeguard endangered species” or “Third level education is not worth the financial investment.
5. Socratic Circles A Socratic Circle is a more formal discussion method developed from the idea of the Socratic dialogue, whereby we arrive at the “truth” by a process of questioning and answering, then reflecting and critiquing, and finally resulting in a very refined argument or position. In the context of the classroom it usually revolves around responses to an open-ended question based on a written text.
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