Tense degan atama bilan ifodalanadi. Macmillian English Dictionary for Advanced Learners lug'atida zamon, ya'ni tense

Eslatma: Ta'tilga chiqish/ta'tilga ketish birikmasida joy nomi oldin qoʻllanilsa, for koʻmakchisi qoʻllanishi
lozim.

Tom has gone to France for a holiday.
On koʻmakchisi bilan qoʻllaniladigan birikmalarga misollar:
on television on the radio on the Internet on the phone on the telephone
televizorda
radioda
internetda
telefonda
telefonda
on strike
on a diet
on fire
on the whole on purpose
ish tashlashda parhezda
yong'in ostida
umuman
ataylab, joʻrttaga

I didn't watch the news on television, I heard it on the radio.

You can't phone me. I am not on the phone.

I have put on a lot of weight. I will have to go on a diet.

Look! That car is on fire!
In koʻmakchisi bilan qoʻllaniladigan birikmalarga misollar:
in the rain
in the sun(shine) in the shade in the dark in bad weather
yomg'irda
quyoshda
soyada
qorong'uda yomon ob-havoda
in ink
in biro
in pencil
in words
in figures
siyohda
sharikli ruchkada
qalamda
soʻz bilan
raqam bilan
in block letters in cash
in love
in opinion in general
bosma harflarda naqd pulda
sevishgan
fikri(m)cha umuman

We sat in the shade. It was too hot to sit in the sun.
At koʻmakchisi bilan qoʻllaniladigan birikmalarga misollar:
at a speed of… at the age of… at the temperature of…
tezlikda
yoshida
darajada

The train was travelling at a speed of 120 miles an hour.
Hamdam Atajanov

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143
BY KO
ʻ
MAKCHISINING QO
ʻ
LLANILISHI
1) by koʻmakchisi ingliz tilida juda koʻp holatlarda ishlatiladi. Ulardan biri ish harakatning qanday yoki
nima orqali amalga oshirilganligini koʻrsatish hisoblanadi.
send something by post - pochta orqali yubormoq do something by hand - qoʻlda qilmoq
pay by cheque - chek bilan toʻlamoq
pay by credit card - kredit karta bilan toʻlamoq
by mistake - adashib
by accident/by chance - tasodifan

Did you pay by cheque or in cash?

We hadn't arranged to meet. We met by chance.
2) Transport vositasida sahoyat qilish degan ma'nodagi birikmalarda ham by koʻmakchisi juda faol
qoʻllaniladi.
by car
by plane by train by boat by ship by bus
by bicycle by road by rail
by air
by sea
by Underground
Ammo piyoda degan iborada on koʻmakchisi qoʻllaniladi: on foot

Did you come here by car or on foot?
Eslatma: Yuqoridagi birikmalarda by koʻmakchisidan keyin hech qanday artikl qoʻyilmasligiga alohida
e'tibor berish lozim.
by car lekin in a/the car
by train lekin on a/the train
3) by koʻmakchisi mahjul nisbatdagi gaplarda tomonidan degan ma'noda qoʻllaniladi:

The programme was watched by millions of people.
Ammo majhul nisbatdagi gapda ish-harakat bajaruvchisini emas, bajarish vositasini (buyum)
koʻrsatmoqchi boʻlsak, with koʻmakchisi qoʻllaniladi.

The door must have been opened with a key.

The door must have been opened by somebody with a key.