Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures (FMIs)—Summary
Assessment
1
A. Institutional structure and FMIs in Thailand
1. Thailand’s payment, clearing, and settlement infrastructure consists of a consolidated
set of systemically important FMIs, as well as retail payment systems. The BAHTNET is the
interbank payment system and the backbone of the infrastructure in which the ultimate payments of
various markets are settled in central bank money. It is operated by the BoT. The retail payment
systems settling in BAHTNET are: (i) the Image Cheque Clearing and Archive System (ICAS); (ii) the
National Interbank Transaction Management and Exchange Co., Ltd. (NITMX), which is used for bulk
payments, PromptPay, and to switch ATMs and local debit cards; (iii) the Processing Center Co., Ltd
(PCC); and (iv) the Thai Payment Network (TPN). The Thailand Securities Depository (TSD) is the sole
central securities depository and the securities settlement system for government securities,
corporate bonds, and equities. The funds leg of the securities trades of all markets are settled in
BAHTNET. The Thailand Clearing House (TCH) is the other financial market infrastructure, which acts
as the central counterparty (CCP) for bonds, equities, and derivatives transactions traded on the
respective exchanges. The TSD and the TCH are fully owned subsidiaries of the Stock Exchange of
Thailand (SET).
2. BAHTNET is the real-time gross settlement (RTGS) system, which is owned and
operated by the BoT. The BoT has been operating Thailand’s large-value payment system,
BAHTNET, since May 24, 1995. The BoT has continually been improving BAHTNET to: (i) respond to
changing business needs and technology innovation; and (ii) strengthen its observance of
international standards. For example, the BoT has implemented a link with the TSD system for
Delivery Versus Payment of government bonds, equity, and corporate bonds and a link with the
Government Fiscal Management Information System to facilitate government agencies’ revenue
submission and budget disbursement through BAHTNET. In 2014, a link was established with the
U.S. Dollar Clearing House Automated Transfer System (USD CHATS) overseen by the Hong Kong
Monetary Authority (HKMA) to eliminate settlement risk. In practice, this link is used by BAHTNET
participants as an alternative solution for their correspondent banking arrangements. The BoT is
already considering the next generation of the BAHTNET system, such as the introduction of the ISO
20022 standard and a Proof of Concept (POC) for the use of Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT).
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |