Ильиш uses the 3 criteria principle in his analysis of the Stative and concluded that it is a separate part of speech. It differs from the adjective from the point of view of meaning, function and form.
Meaning.
It's meaning is that of the passing state a person or a thing happens to be in (not that of a quality).
Its form is unchangeable.
Usually the Stative follows a link verb and occasionally a noun (Ex.: man alive).
It can follow an adverb ( Ex.: fast asleep).
3. Its function is that of the predicative.
Бархударов и Блох also used the 3 criteria principle, but they arrived at different conclusions. As to its meaning ББ believe that like adjectives, statives express properties of nouns. They state that the Stative has a changeable form. It has degrees of comparison, though they are not synthetical but analytical.
Ex.: The one most aware of the situation.
The Functions of the Stative:
1. as the predicative
2. as an attribute, though a post positional attribute (E.g. man alive)
The statives in many respects are like adjectives.
Conclusion: the Stative belongs to the class of adjectives. It makes up a subclass of its own within the class of adjectives.
18. Morphemes.
Morpheme – is one of the central notions of grammatical theory, without which no serious attempt at grammatical study can be made. Morpheme is the smallest meaningful unit of the language.
There are may be zero morphemes that is the absence of morpheme. It indicates a certain meanings (book-books). Zero morphemes indicate singular form, s-morpheme plurality.
In traditional grammar the study of the morpheme was conducted in the light of 2 criteria (positional and semantic). The combination of these criteria gives us a classification of morphemes.
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