The concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) is a widely applicable set

Fig. 4. Number of connected devices by categories from 2016 to 2022 [24]
The application of the IoT concept in different economic sectors is becoming a key factor for business improvement. According to [25], 92% of companies believe that the concept of IoT will be important for their business by 2020. Consequently, companies see security, privacy, cost, and regulatory issues as the biggest challenges in implementing and enforcing the IoT concept.
Research [26] conducted on 1430 companies (small, medium and large) indicates many advantages recognized by the vast majority (95%) of adopters of the IoT concept. At the same time, more than half (53%) of respondents confirm the significant advantages of implementing the IoT concept in business, while 79% of respondents believe that applying the IoT concept achieves positive results in various areas of work that would not otherwise be achieved. Some of the more prominent advantages are shown in Fig. 5.

Creating new sources of income

Waste reduction Simplified compliance Improved brand differentiation

Increasing the quality of user experience and loyalty Improving infrastructure use and availability time
Reduction of fixed costs Increasing existing sources of income Improved employee productivity Better collection of accurate dana Reduction of operating costs
0% 20%

40%

60%

Fig. 5. Advantages of implementing the IoT concept in a business environment [26]

2. Analysis of Trends in the Application of the IoT Concept in the Household Environment

According to Gartner, the largest representation and application of the IoT concept in terms of the number of IoT devices used until 2017 was in the area of smart building environments. After 2017, the smart home concept is an environment that brings together the largest number of IoT devices [20]. The representation of IoT devices by application categories is shown in Fig. 6, where the dominance of IoT devices in the private sector, which includes the smart home environment, is observed in relation to the business sectors.



Number of IoT devices (billions)
25


20


15


10

2.28		0.82 3.02	3.96	5.24
2014 Privat	e sector	2015 B	2016 Year usiness: industry	2017 Business: ve	2018 rtically oriente	2020 d

5

0