The etymology of english words

General Issues of Translation

Objectives:
The session gives students opportunities to be aware of

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  the meaning of the word “translation”;
  
• 
  the objectives and functions of the subject Written Translation;
  
• 
  translators’ 2 tasks to do before translating;
  
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  types of translation;
  
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  process of translation;
  
• 
  to experience the acquired knowledge about Written Translation.
  

Time: 80 minutes
Materials: projector, whiteboard, markers, handouts, PPT presentation.
Procedure:
Lead-in
Time: 20 minutes
Materials: whiteboard, markers, blank sheets of paper for each participant.

Steps of an activity  1. Getting acquainted with students: Teacher introduces himself and gets acquainted with the students. He asks their surnames, names, why they chose SamSIFL to study at and etc.  2. Introducing the topic: Teacher introduces the topic and the main objectives of the session.  3. T. asks students to give a definition for the word translation.

Activity 1. Read the information below and answer the questions.
Time: 30 min.
Materials: Handout 1


Introduction to written translation: Main types of translation

Translation is a means of interlingual communication. Communication → meaning (form)

The translator makes possible an exchange of information between the users of different languages. Translators translate the texts (speech) from SL into TL. The users of TT try to make it similar with the ST – functionally, structurally and semantically. The Functional identification – the translation is published, quoted or criticized as if it really belonged to the foreign source. For. eg. Frenchman’s speech may be given in the quotation marks in the English language. The structural identification – The structure of the translation should follow the original text. There should be no change in the sequence of narration (voqealar ketma-ketligi) or in the arrangement (joylashuvi) of the segments of the text. The semantic identification – is based on the various degrees of equivalence of the meanings. The translator tries to make the closest possible equivalent.

The theory of translation provides the translator with the appropriate tools of analysis and synthesis.
An important part of the general theory of translation is the theory of equivalence, aimed at studying semantic relationships between ST and TT. For. eg. “The student is reading a book”. “Студент читает книгу”. This translation is a good equivalent, but it isn’t identical in meaning. (Artiklning ma’nosi tushib qolgan the, a. Continuous zamonining o’ziga xos ma’nosi berilmagan bo’lishi mumkin. Hozir o’qiyaptimi yoki umuman).