The Failures of Mathematical Anti-Evolutionism
Download 0.99 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
The Failures of Mathematical Anti-Evolutionism (Jason Rosenhouse) (z-lib.org)
(Gavrilets 2010, 46)
For a survey of mathematical techniques used in evolutionary analysis, try the book by Nowak (2006). Interestingly, Nowak includes a chapter discussing applications of graph theory in evolutionary biology. Mathematicians typically use the term “metric space” to describe an abstract set of points on which some notion of “distance” has been defined. In this sense, it might have been more mathematically correct to say that protein space has a metric structure, rather than a geometric structure. However, I chose the latter term since “metric space” is an expression that is mostly unknown outside of mathematics, while most readers will recall that geometry studies arrangements of points with respect to one another (with circles, triangles, and lines, for example, being especially interesting arrangements). I suspect many biologists will object to the whole idea of modeling evolution as a search. In everyday usage, carrying out a search typically implies planning, foresight, and a pre-set target. For example, a firm might search for a candidate to fill a position. The firm knows the kind of person they are looking for, and they will organize the search so as to maximize their chances of finding someone appropriate to the job. None of this is analogous to evolution, which does not so much search protein or genotype space as it does meander aimlessly around it with no target in mind. Moreover, in normal usage we assume that the space to be searched, and our standards for assessing the desirability of the points within the space, typically referred to as the “fitness landscape,” remains static. Evolution is not like that. In evolution we have numerous populations meandering around different parts of the space, and their movements constantly change the fitness landscape. These are salient points, and they certainly show that modeling evolution as a search is deeply problematic. That said, in discussing mathematical anti-evolutionism I am willing to accept the search metaphor just for the sake of argument. The major errors in their discourse have little to do with whether or not we think this is a helpful metaphor, and I have no wish to get bogged down in semantic disputes. We will revisit this point in Section 6.8. |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling