has topped. Another important factor to watch is the Federal Reserve discount rate. Usually, after the Fed raises the
rate two or three times, the market runs into trouble.
The daily
advance/decline line is sometimes a useful indicator to watch for signs of a market top. [The
advance/decline line illustrates the difference between the total number of New
York Stock Exchange stocks
advancing each day versus the number declining.] Frequently, the advance/decline line will lag behind the market
averages and fail to penetrate prior peaks after the averages reach new highs. This indicates that fewer stocks are
participating in the market advance.
When you believe that the general market has entered a bearish phase, would you advise going
short rather than merely liquidating longs?
I don't normally advise people to sell short unless they are professional traders. Selling short is quite tricky. I
myself have only made significant profits on the short side of two of the last nine bear markets.
A stock should never be sold short because its price looks too high. The idea is not to sell short at the top, but
at the right time. Short selling of individual stocks should only be considered after the general market shows signs of
a top. The best chart pattern to short is one in which a stock breaks out on the upside of its third or fourth base and
then fails. The stock should be breaking down toward the low end of its previous base pattern on increased volume.
After the first serious price break below the base, there will usually be several pullback attempts. The prior base will
now provide an area of overhead supply, as all investors who bought in that zone will be losing money, and a number
of them will be eager to get out near breakeven. Therefore, pullbacks to failed price bases also provide good timing
for short sales.
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