The Present simple tense

Can biror narsa qilishga imkoniyat, qobiliyat borligini ifodalab keladi. Inkori can’t. Biz can ni hozirgi va kelasi zamon ma’nosida ishlatamiz.
Can you speak any foreign languages?
I’m afraid I can’t come to your party next Friday.
Biz can ni o’rnida be able to ni ishlatishimiz mumkin. Bularda odatda ma’noda farq yo’q, lekin can hozirgi va kelasi zamonda ishlatilsa, to be able to ni barcha zamonlarda ishlatishimiz mumkin.
Are you able to speak any foreign languages?
Tom might not be able to come tomorrow.
Could, was,were able to
Could can ni o’tgan zamon shakli bo’lib o’tgan zamondagi umumiy qobilyatni ifodalaydi. Ko’picha uni quyidagi fe’llar bilan ishlatamiz: see, hear, smell, taste, feel, remember, understand.
When we went into the house, we could smell burning.
Could ni o’tgan zamondagi vazifadoshi was, were able to.
Was, were able to o’tgan zamondagi bir martalik ya’ni muayyan vazifadan chiqib keta olishni ya’ni biror ishni uddalashni ifodalaydi.
The fire spread through the building very quickly but everyone was able to escape.
-Jack was an excellent tennis player. He could beat anybody.
-But once he had a difficut game against Alf. Alf played very well but in the end Jack was able to beat him.
Could do va could have done
Asosan could can ni o’tgan zamon shaklidir, lekin ba’zan could kelasi zamondagi taklif gaplarni ifodalashda ishlatiladi.
What shall we do this evening? We could go to the cinema.
Could kelasi zamonda ehtimolli,taxmin gaplarni ifodalashi mumkin.
There could be another rise in the price of petrol soon.


Could have V3

O’tgan zamonda biror ish harakatni bajarishga imkoniyat, qobilyat bo’la turib bajarmagan yoki bajara olmagan ish harakatlarni ifodalashda Could have done ni ishlatamiz.

We didn’t go out last night. We could have gone to the cinema but we decided to stay at home.