Theoretical grammar of english and the main domains of language in it

Key words: language, speech, theoretical grammar, practical grammar,
phoneme, morpheme, allomorph, lexeme, syntax, morphology, sentence, word,
phrase, morph, allophone, allolexes, phonology, phonetics, stylistic device.
INTRODUCTION
Theoretical grammar is an analytical type of grammar. It sets out various
points of view on linguistic phenomena, the structure and mechanisms of language
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functioning, analyzes and evaluates them, but does not give any prescriptions. The
aim of theoretical grammar is to offer explanation for these rules. Theoretical
grammar of the English language aims to acquaint students with modern ideas
about the grammatical structure of the English language, its specific properties and
patterns of functioning, as well as with linguistic methods of its research. It
assumes the development of students' ability to use the conceptual apparatus and
methods of grammatical analysis and description, the ability to apply the
theoretical knowledge gained in practice (discourse analysis, text interpretation).
An important goal of this grammar is to develop students' ability to work with
scientific literature, analytically comprehend and generalize theoretical provisions.
Learned materials give students the opportunity to master fundamental theoretical
knowledge for the successful writing of essays, term papers and theses on topical
problems of theoretical grammar. 
Both normative (practical) and theoretical grammar describe the
grammatical structure of a language.
Practical grammar analyzes grammatical structures in terms of their practical
application in the communication process. It provides us with a set of clearly
articulated rules and regulations that are not subject to doubt or debate. The aim of
practical grammar is the description of grammar rules that are necessary to
understand and formulate sentences.
The difference between theoretical and practical grammar. Practical grammar
prescribes certain rules of use, teaches how to speak or write, and theoretical
grammar, analyzing the facts of the language, sets out them without giving any
prescriptions. Unlike practical grammar, theoretical grammar does not always
provide a ready-made solution. There are a number of phenomena in the language,
interpreted in different ways by different linguists. To a large extent, these
discrepancies are due to the fact that in linguistics there are different directions
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with their own methods of analysis and approach to the material. But in a number
of cases this is explained by the fact that some facts of the language cause
difficulties in analysis and then only a possible, but not finally proven, way of
solving them is proposed. It is this circumstance that determines the existence of
various theories of the same phenomenon of language, while in practical grammar
there are no such discrepancies, or they are minimal.
Thus, the objectives of this grammar are:
- give an adequate and systematic description of linguistic factors;
- to acquaint with different directions and interpretations in relation to the same
linguistic factors;
- teach to evaluate the correctness and accuracy of existing theories.
The purpose of theoretical grammar is not only to convey certain knowledge, but
also to try to teach critically to different interpretations of the same problems.