Topic : Education information technologies

Difficulties in introducing modern information technologies
Modern information technologies were actively used in education. However, a number of difficulties in the implementation of modern information technologies are presented in the following scheme:

Difficulties in the introduction of modern information technologies -

lack of readiness of pedagogical teams to inform education ;

lack of methodological developments for their application ;
- the cost of computer technology tools;
- lack of information technology specialists in education.

The stages of creating a modern information technology environment in an educational institution begin with the creation of a psychological information environment. The need to use modern tools and methods is formed on the basis of technological and scientific results , created software products. In this case, it is necessary to organize a system of independent and computer education of pedagogues based on individual and advisory training in each educational institution. In the computerization (informatization) of the teaching process, two directions can be distinguished: mastering all methods of using the computer as a means of educational activity and using the computer as an object of learning. The improvement of the computer's technical characteristics and software support, the expansion of its didactic capabilities reveal its new properties as a teaching tool.

Two systems can be distinguished in the history of the development of teaching with the help of computers: traditional and intellectual teaching. The main feature of the intellectual education system is that it involves the management of educational activities taking into account the features of all stages in solving educational issues . In the system of intelligent teaching, individualized teaching is carried out on the basis of a dynamic model of the learner. Such systems provide stability and regularity in the formation of the student's educational activities by providing the opportunity to distribute management tasks between the student and the computer , that is, the transition to teaching independent reading is carried out in an optimal way. Computer-aided teaching effectively affects all aspects of the educational process. The impact of computers on educational content opens up many opportunities for students. This is due to the high capacity of computers to display educational materials, the introduction of artificial intelligence ideas, and the fact that they are a means of conveying a lot of information to students. On the other hand, computers introduce various heuristics into the teaching content. One of the most important aspects of computers is that they provide a real opportunity to create integrated learning subjects.
The Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan on June 6, 2002 "On measures to further develop computerization and introduce information communication technologies" on the formation of a national information system, the introduction and use of modern information technologies in all areas, world information creates a basis for expanding the enjoyment of its resources. The rapid development of science and technology created the basis for informatization of all spheres of society's life. The place of the country in the economy, human life and the world community remains dependent on the state of information technology development. The state of development of modern technologies depends primarily on the intellectual potential of society, including the development of the education sector. Issues of the content and quality of education are considered a priority in the society. In the developed and developing countries of the world, special attention is paid to informatization of education. While searching for ways to develop education and increase its effectiveness, the introduction of new information technologies in education has become the focus of reforms in the field of education. The volume of information, which is constantly increasing, serves to increase the intellectual potential of the society. The use of information in all spheres of the life activity of every member of the society is the basis for the formation of the information environment. The modern information technology environment includes information objects, their interaction , technologies and means of information creation, distribution, processing, collection, as well as the organizational and legal structure of information processes. Nowadays, the educational system must take into account the capabilities and requirements of humanity. The educational system should be person-oriented, that is, it should be differentiated, taking into account the various characteristics and qualities of the person. The average student-oriented education system that prevailed in many countries of the world in the recent past is not satisfying not only the student, but also the society today. Any educational system is formed and developed in a certain social , scientific, technical, economic, cultural and, finally, political environment. It is the most important environment and socio-economic factor. Scientific and technical progress, cultural and political environment can promote or slow down socio-economic changes. The educational system serves to implement the main tasks of socio-economic and cultural development of the society , because the school, higher education institution prepares a person for active activity in economy, culture, political life. That is why the school and higher education institution are important as the backbone of education. At the same time, socio-economic changes and scientific and technical progress find their expression late among school and university pedagogues. It takes a certain period of time to master new ideas and new technologies in the thinking and receptive activities of teachers and students. Person-centered learning, first of all, changes the paradigm of education. If earlier teaching was considered a priority in the educational system, now in the era of information society, the priority is directed to teaching to read. For this reason , it is necessary to replace the teacher-textbook-student paradigm of education with the student-textbook teacher paradigm. The teacher will have a new status, now his task will be to teach students to organize independent learning activities, to acquire knowledge independently and to apply it in practice. For such purposes, the teacher should choose teaching methods and technologies in such a way that he helps students not only acquire ready-made knowledge, but also to search for knowledge from various sources, acquire it independently, form their own personal point of view , justify it, and learn new ones from previously acquired knowledge. it is necessary to make it possible to use it. Such training can also be called developmental. Although acquisition of knowledge is considered an important factor in developing thinking, not every acquisition or acquisition of knowledge has a developmental effect on a student's thinking. For this, it is necessary to activate knowledge and forms of activity. A simple return of acquired knowledge will not be enough for the development of independent thinking of students. Active cognition, independent thinking activity is very necessary. The activity of independent acquisition of knowledge and the process of applying the acquired knowledge become the formation of new knowledge, a source of effective thinking of the student. For this reason, in the process of reforming the field of education in our country and in the developed countries of the world, the development of pedagogical technologies is the ability to independently search for and find the necessary information , to be able to pose a problem and solve its solution, to be able to critically analyze the acquired knowledge and use this knowledge to solve new problems. directed to apply. Now, the need for personalized education is becoming clear to everyone. Person-oriented teaching is teaching that takes into account the student's personal characteristics, abilities and opportunities, and effectively uses advanced pedagogical and information technologies in the development of the student's personality. Thus, person-centered teaching, differentiation and individualization of teaching are considered as the main principles. The variety of form and content gives the opportunity to choose from the cases offered based on the student's interest , ability and personal characteristics. Such an opportunity should be reflected in the education system. Different levels of teaching can be a solution to this problem. The organization of educational activities in such a way that students have to count with a set of everyday subjects and a set of tasks given for them causes many problems. In this case, students cannot focus their full attention on any subject. In our opinion, modular training is the best solution for eliminating such shortcomings.