Translation of proper names

TRANSLATION OF PROPER NAMES

Done by: Ibragimova Dilnora

Simultaneous interpretation 2

The objectives of this study:

• to learn the characteristics of the translation of proper names from English into Uzbek;
• to determine which method of translation is used most often.

The object of this study:

• translation of proper nouns.

The subject of this study:

• to get to know the methods of translation of proper names from English into Uzbek.

Translation is an art

TYPES OF PROPER NOUNS:

Types of translating proper names:

• transcription;
• transliteration;
• transposition;
• calque;

Transliteration

Transliteration is the process of transferring a word from the alphabet of one language to another. It changes the letters from the word's original alphabet to similar-sounding letters in a different one.

Examples:

• Malta (country) – Malta
• Dnieper (river) – Dnepr
• Barbara (woman’s name) – Barbara
• John Russo (name and surname) – Jon Russo
• Arizona ( state in the USA) – Arizona
• Kennicott ( city) - Kennikot

Transcription

According to Merriam Webster, transcription is the act of making a written, printed, or typed copy of words that have been spoken.

Its origins are in the Latin verb for “to transcribe” (transcribere trans (over) + scribere (write).

Examples:

• Red Rock – Red Rok
• Avery Jackson – Eyveri Jekson
• George – Jorj
• Watson – Uotson
• William Blake - Uilyam Bleyk
• Wodehouse - Vudhaus

Transposition

Transposition is translation of the word of one part of speech, or to another function of its use in other parts of speech. As a rule, transposition translated names of monarchs and religious leaders.

Examples:

• King Charles – qirol Karl
• King Louis – qirol Lyudovik
• King Henry – qirol Genrix
• King James – qirol Yakov
• King William – qirol Uilyam

Calque translation

• In linguistics, a calque is actually a word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word translation.
• The term calque is borrowed from French and it derives from the verb calquer which means to copy, to trace.
• More specifically, we use the verb to calque when speaking about borrowing a word or phrase from another language while translating its components so as to create a new lexeme in the target language.

Examples:

• New Zealand – Yangi Zelandiya
• South Korea – Janubiy Koreya
• Red Square – Qizil Maydon
• Pacific Ocean – Tinch okeani
• The Black Sea – Qora Dengiz
• Saint Helena Island – Avliyo Yelena oroli
• AIDS ( Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome) – OITS (Orttirilgan Immunitet Tanqisligi sindromi)

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