Turan international university

8.Who was the founder of the phoneme theory in linguistics?
A) I.A. Baudouin de Courtenay
B) L.V. Sherba
C) N.S.Trubetskoy
D) D. Jones
9.Who is the founder of the Prague phonological school?
A)N.S. Trubetskoy
B) A.A Reformatsky
C) L.R. Zinder
D) L.V. Shcherba


10.What regional types of pronunciation exist in Great Britain?

1. 
   Southern English pronunciation, Northern English pronunciation, Scottish pronunciation, Irish pronunciation.
   
2. 
   General American pronunciation, Northern English pronunciation, Scottish pronunciation, Irish pronunciation.
   
3. 
   Canadian pronunciation, General American pronunciation, Southern English pronunciation, Irish pronunciation.
   
4. 
   South African pronunciation, South English pronunciation, Northern English pronunciation, Scottish pronunciation.
   

11. 
    What are the vowel differences in AE?
    

1. 
   Length is not phonemic in AE /æ/ is used instead of /a:/. The number of vowels is less than in BE; /u/ is used instead of /ju:/
   
2. 
   All vowels in AE are long; /æ/ is used only in restricted cases; the number of vowels is more than in BE; /ju:/ is used in all cases.
   
3. 
   All vowels are short in AE; there are 8 diphthongs in AE too; /æ/ is used instead of / a:/; /ju:/ is used instead of /u/
   
4. 
   Length is phonemic in AE; / æ /is used instead of /a:/; /u:/is used instead of /ju:/; the number of vowels is about 14.
   

12. 
    What are the principles of consonant classification?
    

1. 
   According to the place of articulation; According to the length. According to the manner of production; According to the position of the soft palate.
   
2. 
   According to the horizontal movement of the tongue; According to the vertical movement of the tongue.
   
3. 
   According to the place of articulation; According to the lips.
   
4. 
   According to the place of articulation; According to the manner of production; According to the presence or absence of voice; According to the position of the soft palate.
   
5. 
   According to the stability of articulation; According to the place of articulation; According to the manner of production; According to the position of the lips.
   

12.