Umumiy o‘rta ta’lim maktablarining 9-sinfi uchun darslik
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Fizika. 9-sinf (2014, P.Habibullayev, A.Boydedayev)
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- M U N D A R I J A MOLEKULAR FIZIKA VA TERMODINAMIKA ASOSLARI ....... 3 I bob. Modda tuzilishining molekular-kinetik nazariyasi asoslari
- II bob. Termodinamika elementlari
- III bob. Suyuqliklardagi sirt hodisalari
- IV bob.Qattiq jismlarning xossalari
- V bob. Modda agregat holatining o‘zgarishi
- OPTIKA .................................................................................................... 80 VI bob. Yorug‘likning tarqalishi, qaytishi va sinishi
- VII bob. Yorug‘lik energiyasidan foydalanish
- ATOM FIZIKASI ASOSLARI
- IX bob. Yadro energiyasi va undan foydalanish
- KOINOT HAQIDA TASAVVURLAR
- XI bob. Quyosh sistemasi. Galaktika
- OLAMNING FIZIK MANZARASI. FIZIKA-TEXNIKA TARAQQIYOTI
- Mashqlarning javoblari ................................................................................. 153 Takrorlash uchun masalalarning javoblari
- Bizning internet manzilimiz: www.gglit.uz E-mail: iptdgulom@sarkor.uz, info@gglit.uz
29. Bo‘ladi; bo‘lmaydi. 30. 50%. VI bob bo‘yicha 1. 35 °. 2. 2 ϕ. 4. Qirg‘oqqa yaqinlashadi. 5. 37 sm. 6. O‘zgarmaydi. 8. Havoning temperaturasi o‘zgargani uchun sindirish ko‘rsatkichi o‘zgaradi. 9. Chunki havoning haqiqiy nur sindirish ko‘rsatkichi 1 dan kattaroq. 10. 19 °, 28°. 11. 49 °. 12. 52 °. 13. n = 1 yoki α = 0° da. 14. 28 °. 15. 74 °. 16. 58 °. 17. 39 °. 19. 14 sm. 20. 1,1 m. 21. 27 °. 22. 1,2 sm; 1 sm. 24. 56 °. 25. 50%. 26. L = (D ± d)F/D. 27. 50 sm; 4 marta kattalashgan. 28. 25 sm; haqiqiy, teskari, 4 marta kattalashgan. 29. 20 dptr. 30. 16 sm. 31. Fokal tekisligida. 32. −7,5 dptr. 33. 3 marta. 34. mF/(m + 1); (m + 1) marta. 35. Ekrandan 30 va 60 sm. VIII bob bo‘yicha 11. 6,9 ⋅ 10 -27 kg; 10 -26 kg; 2,8 ⋅ 10 -26 kg. 12. 3,2 ⋅ 10 -19 C; 3 ⋅ 10 -18 C; 4,2 ⋅ 10 -18 C. 13. 8,4 ⋅ 10 -27 kg; 1,7 ⋅ 10 -26 kg; 1,4 ⋅ 10 -26 kg. 8 ⋅ 10 -19 C; 1,6 ⋅ 10 -18 C; 1,3 ⋅ 10 -17 C. 14. 10 Ne va 10 Ne da 10 tadan, 13 Al va 13 Al da 13 tadan elektron bor. 16. 3,34 ⋅ 10 -26 kg; 3,51 ⋅ 10 -26 kg; 4,35 ⋅ 10 -26 kg; 4,51 ⋅ 10 -26 kg. 20 21 26 27 156 M U N D A R I J A MOLEKULAR FIZIKA VA TERMODINAMIKA ASOSLARI ....... 3 I bob. Modda tuzilishining molekular-kinetik nazariyasi asoslari 1-§. Molekular-kinetik nazariya haqida tushuncha ..................................... 4 2-§. Molekulalarning o‘lchami va massasi ................................................... 7 3-§. Modda miqdori. Molar massa............................................................. 11 4-§. Ideal gaz molekular-kinetik nazariyasining asosiy tenglamasi ...... 13 5-§. Temperatura .......................................................................................... 15 6-§. Gaz molekulalarining harakat tezligi .............................................. 18 I bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar ......................................................... 21 I bobni takrorlash uchun savol va masalalar ................................... 22 II bob. Termodinamika elementlari 7-§. Ichki energiya va ish ............................................................................. 24 8-§. Issiqlik miqdori. Solishtirma issiqlik sig‘imi ....................................... 26 9-§. Qattiq jismlarning solishtirma issiqlik sig‘imini aniqlash (laboratoriya ishi) .............................................................................. 31 10-§. Yoqilg‘ining solishtirma yonish issiqligi ........................................... 32 11-§. Ideal gaz holatining tenglamalari. Izojarayonlar ............................. 34 12-§. Termodinamikaning birinchi qonuni .............................................. 38 13-§. Turli temperaturali suv aralashtirilganda issiqlik miqdorlarini taqqoslash (laboratoriya ishi) .......................................................... 42 14-§. Suyuqlikning solishtirma issiqlik sig‘imini aniqlash (laboratoriya ishi) ............................................................................... 43 II bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar ........................................................ 44 II bobni takrorlash uchun savol va masalalar ................................... 45 III bob. Suyuqliklardagi sirt hodisalari 15-§. Suyuqlik va uning xossalari. Sirt taranglik .......................................... 48 16-§. Suyuqlikning sirt taranglik koeffitsiyentini aniqlash (laboratoriya ishi)................................................................................ 51 17-§. Ho‘llash. Kapillar hodisalar ............................................................... 52 III bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar ......................................................... 55 III bobni takrorlash uchun savol va masalalar .................................. 56 IV bob.Qattiq jismlarning xossalari 18-§. Kristall va amorf jismlar ...................................................................... 58 19-§. Qattiq jismlarning mexanik xossalari .............................................. 60 IV bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar .......................................................... 63 IV bobni takrorlash uchun savol va masalalar ..................................... 63 157 V bob. Modda agregat holatining o‘zgarishi 20-§. Kristall jismlarning erishi va qotishi ................................................... 65 21-§. Moddaning solishtirma erish issiqligi. Amorf jismlarning erishi va qotishi ..................................................................................... 67 22-§. Bug‘lanish va kondensatsiya. Qaynash .............................................. 70 23-§. Atmosferadagi hodisalar ....................................................................... 73 V bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar .......................................................... 77 V bobni takrorlash uchun savol va masalalar ....................................... 78 OPTIKA .................................................................................................... 80 VI bob. Yorug‘likning tarqalishi, qaytishi va sinishi 24-§. Yo‘rug‘likning qaytish va sinish qonunlari .......................................... 81 25-§. To‘la ichki qaytish ................................................................................... 84 26-§. Shishaning nur sindirish ko‘rsatkichini aniqlash (laboratoriya ishi) ........................................................................... 87 27-§. Linzalar ................................................................................................. 88 28-§. Yupqa linza yordamida tasvir yasash.................................................. 91 29-§. Linza yordamida tasvir hosil qilish (laboratoriya ishi) ................. 93 30-§. Optik asboblar ......................................................................................... 94 31-§. Ko‘z va ko‘rish ...................................................................................... 97 VI bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar ...................................................... 99 VI bobni takrorlash uchun savol va masalalar ................................ 100 VII bob. Yorug‘lik energiyasidan foydalanish 32-§. Yo‘rug‘lik tezligini aniqlash ........................................................... 103 33-§. Yorug‘likning kimyoviy va biologik ta’siri ....................................... 106 34-§. Geliotexnika. O‘zbekistonda Quyosh energiyasidan foydalanish ..... 109 VII bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar ...................................................... 111 ATOM FIZIKASI ASOSLARI ........................................................ 112 VIII bob. Atom va yadro tuzilishi 35-§. Atom tuzilishi haqida tushuncha ....................................................... 113 36-§. Atom yadrosining tuzilishi ............................................................... 115 VIII bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar .................................................. 118 VIII bobni takrorlash uchun savol va masalalar ................................. 119 IX bob. Yadro energiyasi va undan foydalanish 37-§. Yadro energiyasi haqida tushuncha ................................................. 120 38-§. Yadro energiyasidan foydalanish ......................................................... 122 39-§. O‘zbekistonda yadro fizikasi taraqqiyoti .............................................. 124 IX bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar .......................................................... 126 KOINOT HAQIDA TASAVVURLAR ................................................... 127 X bob. Yulduzlar, Quyosh va Oy 40-§. Yulduzlar. Quyosh ................................................................................ 128 41-§. Oy — Yerning tabiiy yo‘ldoshi ......................................................... 130 42-§. Vaqtni o‘lchash. Taqvimlar ................................................................ 133 X bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar ......................................................... 135 XI bob. Quyosh sistemasi. Galaktika 43-§. Quyosh sistemasidagi sayyoralar. Kepler qonunlari ......................... 136 44-§. Mayda osmon jismlari ......................................................................... 140 45-§. Galaktika. Koinot tuzilishi va rivojlanishi haqida hozirgi zamon dunyoqarashlari ................................................................................... 142 46-§. Astronomik tadqiqotlar ...................................................................... 144 XI bob yuzasidan muhim xulosalar ........................................................ 147 OLAMNING FIZIK MANZARASI. FIZIKA-TEXNIKA TARAQQIYOTI ..................................................................................... 148 47-§. Olamning yagona fizik manzarasi ..................................................... 148 48-§. Fizika va texnika taraqqiyoti. O‘zbekistonda fizika sohasidagi tadqiqotlar ........................................................................................... 150 Mashqlarning javoblari ................................................................................. 153 Takrorlash uchun masalalarning javoblari ................................................ 154 HABIBULLAYEV PO‘LAT QIRG‘IZBOYEVICH, BOYDEDAYEV AHMADJON, BAHROMOV AKBAR DALABOYEVICH, YULDASHEVA MOHIDILXAN KAMALDOJANOVNA F I Z I K A Umumiy o‘rta ta’lim maktablarining 9-sinfi uchun darslik Ikkinchi nashr Muharrir M. Yo‘ldosheva Badiiy muharrir Sh. Mirfayozov Rassom va sahifalovchi M. Toirova Texnik muharrir E. Koryagina Musahhih D. To‘ychiyeva IB ¹ 4938 Nashriyot litsenziya raqami AI ¹ 154. 14.08.09. 2014-yil 11-martda bosishga ruxsat etildi. Bichimi 70x100 1 / 16 . Times garniturasi. Ofset bosma. 12,90 shartli bosma toboq. 10,0 nashr tobog‘i. Adadi nusxa. raqamli buyurtma. O‘zbekiston Matbuot va axborot agentligining G‘afur G‘ulom nomidagi nashriyot-matbaa ijodiy uyida chop etildi. 100128. Toshkent sh. Shayxontohur ko‘chasi, 86. Bizning internet manzilimiz: www.gglit.uz E-mail: iptdgulom@sarkor.uz, info@gglit.uz 370135 91 Ijaraga beriladigan darslik holatini ko‘rsatuvchi jadval Darslik ijaraga berilib, o‘quv yili yakunida qaytarib olinganda yuqoridagi jadval sinf rahbari tomonidan quyidagi baholash mezonlariga asosan to‘ldiriladi: r / T g n i n i h c v u q ‘ O a v i m s i i s a y i l i m a f v u q ‘ O i l i y g n i n k i l s r a D i g a d n a g n i l o i t a l o h f n i S - i r a b h a r g n i n i s o z m i g n i n k i l s r a D - n a g l i r i h s p o t i t a l o h i g a d f n i S - i r a b h a r g n i n i s o z m i 1 2 3 4 5 6 i g n a Y i g a d n a g l i r e b a g h s i n a l a d y o f a b a t o r a m i h c n i r i b g n i n k i l s r a D . i t a l o h i h s x a Y . n a g a m l a r j a n a d i m s i q y i s o s a g n i n k i l s r a d , n u t u b a v o q u M , n a g a m h c ‘ o k , n a g a m l i t r i y , d u j v a m i r a l q a r a v a h c r a B . q ‘ o y r a l q i z i h c a v v u z o y a d i r a l t e b i l r a q i n o Q , n a g l i r i d e y i r a l t e h c , b i l i z i h c a h c n u m r i b , n a g l i z e a v o q u M , r o b i t a l o h h s i l a r j a n a d i m s i q y i s o s a g n i n k i l s r a d n a g h c ‘ o K . n a g n a l r i m ’ a t i l r a q i n o q n a d i n o m o t i h c v u n a l a d y o f . n a g l i z i h c a g i r a l t e b m i r y a , n a g n a l r i m ’ a t a t y a q i r a l q a r a v - r a q i n o Q z i s n a g l a r j a n a d i m s i q y i s o s a , n a g l i t r i y u , n a g l i z i h c a g a v o q u M i r a l t e B . n a g n a l r i m ’ a t z i s r a q i n o q , q ‘ o y y a l n u t u b i k o y . n a g n a l h s a t b a y ‘ o b , b i z i h c , i d y a m h s i t e y i r a l q a r a v , n a g l i t r i y . i d y a m l ‘ o b b a l k i t i n k i l s r a D Download 1.62 Mb. 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