Ungma villagers seen rummaging the charred remains of the house on Tuesday. The accused person and the taxi recovered on Tuesday
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- Bu sahifa navigatsiya:
- H.Y. Swu GB. Supply Colony
- The Exodus and Suffering in the Wilderness Set into the Bereaved Mothers’ and Children
- READERS’
- Dr. M L Ngullie Associate Professor (Economics)
- Gen.(Retd) Thinoselie M. Keyho, President, NNC
E ASTERN M IRROR Preachers of change I t was during the eighties that many Naga preachers, not nec- essarily religious, made use of the pulpits to expound the need for reformation of the Naga society. It is said that it became part of almost every speech, address or sermon es- pecially directed at the youth in the state. Some went up to the extent of saying “Revolution not Reformation”. Looking back it sometimes raises the question as what could have been so bad during the eighties in Nagaland that prompted so many of those speakers, or say preachers of change, to say so. Although there was instability in the government especially in the later part of the decade that resulted in newer forms of politics being played out in the streets, the scene was incomparable to the present times. There were no sudden shootouts between the security forces and the armed Naga Nationalist groups. There were no factional fights among the Naga Political Groups; in fact there were only two distinct groups the Naga National Council and the National Socialist Council of Nagaland those days. The tension may have been brewing from then on but it was still not out on the streets, unlike the decade the followed. It is agreed that Naga Nation- alism had still not died down even among the members of the public and the internal tussle existed. One group genuinely trying their best to make Nagaland State work while the other group only too eager to state that the flow of “Indian money” is out to finally finish the Nagas. Nonetheless chances of some from both the camps who played their roles more the rest are likely. The eighties witnessed the killing of two school kids at Kohima during a Naga Students’ Federation sponsored rally that became violent. The eighties also witnessed the do or die attitude of the state’s lawmakers to form governments. It is reported that the cul- ture of keeping MLAs isolated, very much akin to the Kaziranga camps started in the eighties. The only difference then was that mostly the MLAs were housed within Army/Police camps. At one point the tussle in the government formation led to the assas- sination attempt on the life of the Speaker of the House. It also cannot be denied that the eighties witnessed the unprecedented flow of money and alcohol during elections which resulted in the forceful introduction of the total prohibition Bill in the Assem- bly due to the pressure from the church bodies and the women groups. Those who were in the ruling party those days still point their fingers to the then opposition of playing a big hand in the NLTP Act. Also, at one point some new radical group like the Naga Youth Liberation Front also was in the scene for a short while. Whether the storm was still brewing within or was has- tened by the calls of reformation and revolution, the Nagas in- stead faced the worst case of tribalism starting from the nine- ties. It seemed that along with the call for change the sermons for bettering one’s own especially the tribe may have happened in almost all the nooks and corners of the state. The rise of so many associations and unions and those groups locally christened as Common Platforms, for reforming and revolutionising the state was the breeding ground of segmentation and divisions. The church was also not left far behind. Nepotism therefore finally became a virtue, the one evil that is strangling the Naga society slowly. The split of the Naga Political Groups into so many fac- tions is therefore not be a big surprise as the public themselves are so divided. Therefore it may be concluded that either the preach- ers of the eighties though were correct their mission got hijacked. It may also be concluded that the preachers then had a rough idea of a goal but not a roadmap. It might also be that some were even misled by men with greater influence. So the call for change, ref- ormation or revolution still exists today but except for the benefits of the new technologies and development brought about with the advancement in the world the Naga society seems yet to find the true meaning of change, a change from within. It has become all the more pertinent for the public especially the silent majority to be taught how to logically analyse the many preachers of change that exists in the society at present. Rev. Zhiwhuotho Katiry A s we all are facing the im- broglio in Dimapur Town due to the drainage prob- lems and the pathetic road condition, which sole reason lies to the fact that we have lack of drainage and no proper maintenance of it by the labourers of State and National Highways. The poor drainage systems did major damages to Dimapur town dur- ing the monsoon season by flooding the areas and many were homeless at that hour. I would like to let you know that the present situation in Dimapur is getting worse day by day due to the poor functioning and negligence of the PWD and the Government. It is common to see that the streets of the city are flooded with water as the sum- mer season approaches, with a poor drainage system the surrounding areas usually gets engulfed in flood water, if the same condition prevails few more years there will be chance of spread- ing diseases. It seems that the depart- ment is not willing to fix the problem even though the problem is damaging the whole town. Dimapur
Municipal Council
(DMC) Labourers cleaned the drain- age between Metro Hospital and D.C. Court along with the public who re- side at the surroundings area which took a total of 4 days. Flooding has been a big concern owing to the poor drainage infrastruc- ture in the town, the concern depart- ment workers are paying no heed to it. So, I would like to know that why the State and National Highway Labourers are getting their salaries? Without doing the work that they are paid for? Even the Govt. offices surroundings drainage system gets clogged because of non cleaning by the office labourers, then what is the use to pay? If the DMC are only go- ing to work for the drainage, then the government should stop paying the labourers under National Highway and State, or the Government instead of using them in their own farms and houses, the Labourers should work under DMC to improve the drainage system. Therefore, I would like to ap- peal the concerned authorities to look into the matter and improve the drain- age system at the earliest to stop dis- eases and ill health to the people in the town..
T he aftermath of the attacked on 14th Assam Rifles post at Thuda (Phor) Village and the shooting down of the Dakota by the Naga undergrounds had terrible repercussions on the innocent civil populace. The Indian Armed forc- es, like a pachyderm, went on a rampage arresting, torturing, killing innocent people and burning down houses and granaries by unleashing their anger on the innocent villagers. On the fateful day of 6th September 1960 at around 10:00AM, the 16th Punjab Regiment of In- dian army came to my Village (Matikhrü), and sur- rounded the village in three rings to prevent the vil- lagers from the any possible escape. The soldiers in their raging voice called all the villagers out from their house and start beating and hitting them with their boots and gun butts mercilessly demanding the in- nocent villagers to tell where the undergrounds were hiding and where their guns were kept. One of the villagers who knew a little smattering Hindi pleaded with the army of their ignorance but the more they pleaded for mercy the more they were beaten. One of them who raise folded hands to plea for mercy had his hands smashed with a wooden block. Some of their wives and children were weeping loudly on see- ing what was happening around, while other stood speechless due to fear. The whole day the men folks were tortured in full view of their children. The tor- ture went on until their ribs and legs were broken. When one of the victims, Pongoi , who was lying on the ground with broken ribs was being brought water by his wife, it was knocked away by one of the soldiers. I was seven (7) years old boy, but still I vividly remember what my father’s said to me, I had bend-down to hear my father’s last word, because he could not even sit-up, his whole body and face carried congealed blood, his nose and lips all swollen and bloated., I had earlier seen that my father’s face being lacerated by a spear handle, my father held me with the last strands of his strength and told me, “son the devils are not going to spare our lives. Don’t quarrel among yourselves; love your mummy as she is going to take care of you.” By evening all women and children were threat- ened to leave the village quickly. Mr. Resipa,who was lying unconscious was awaked by one of the soldiers and told him to flee to the jungle quickly, he would recall even today how at least one among many sol- diers had human emotion of love. Not before long we fled to the jungle we could hear the sound of gun shots. We could also hear the burning of our houses and granaries. All the men folk were then dragged inside Thah’s house of village chief, and were made to sit on the floor in row like lambs ready to be slaughtered. One of the soldiers brought a sharp bladed Dao. When Thah, saw it he quickly sensed that they were going to be butchered to death, and thus shouted to his friends, “ It is a man’s pride to sacrifice for his birth right, and I shall never surrender nor compromise. I am ready to sacrifice my life for the future generation of the Nagas.” Before he could utter more words, Pogholo, who was sitting on the first line was chopped-off his head in front of oth- ers leaving the torso rolling on the ground; unable to be bear the horrid sight, Mr. Kekhwezü, with all his might pushed the rear door and escaped from the jaw of death. The soldiers were guarding in the rear side of the house sprayed bullets at him but miraculously none hit him except one which hit blew away on of his fingers. Although, fear dulled sense he could hear his friends screaming as the Indian army beheaded them. It is a commonly belief among the Nagas that in any such situation of danger one man always es- capes to carry the tale to the living ones. Although, he (Kekhwezü) he escaped miraculously through God’s providence, he died after a few days due to emotional shock following a stressful event. A total of nine (9) innocent villagers on that fate- ful day. 1.Thah.village chief. GF/O.Rev.Zhiwhuot- ho.2. Mezitso. F/o. Rev, Zhiwhuotho.3.Pongoi. F/O. Lt.Kekhwezülo. 4. Pogholo.F/O,Lt. Rosiepa. 5.Eyechü. F/O ,Resipa. 6. Kezükhwelo.s/o,Lt. Eye- chü. 7.Zasituo.Psator s/o. Lt. Lashupa. 8. Thitu. H/O Mrs.Rhütarüh. and 9.Kekhwezü.F/O,Mrs Kezüngulolu. The pitiless Indian army Jawans did not even spare the dead bodies to let the loves ones perform the last rites, instead all the dead bodies were dumped inside the house and set on fire. All the houses and granaries were reduced. The women and children who had fled to the jungle to evade the dreaded hor- ror came back the next morning only to find heaps of the ashes. One of the victim, Thitu was found by his wife Mrs.Rhütarüh, one of the master courage among the women who came back and witness semi- conscious state as though he was waiting to utter a few words to his wife. Pastor, Zasituo who was lying other side with fatal wounds breath his last when his mother put on her lap. Then the women scurried away after burying the dead bodies fearing that the soldiers might come back and torture them. After a few days the Indian soldiers came back and exhumed the dead bodies and burned to ashes.
After abandoning the village on 6th September 1960,we could not enter into any of neighbouring vil- lages due to fear of similar atrocities by Indian army, like fugitive we were wandering and hiding in the jun- gles for the next one month. I can still vividly recollect how we went through terrible nightmares of suffer- ings and starvation. Our exodus began from Potsüda (our terrace field) to Soraphung and thence to Losami village for about one and half months. However, in the month of November 1960, we came back from Losami to our native village for harvest, from there our under- ground brothers came and escorted us to Sathi camp in Burma side, where we sojourned with the Naga underground brothers for one and half years. Gavin Young of London Observer came and visit us in the last part of 1961,at Sathi camp. In his book “INDO NAGA WAR” at page 29,30 he had mentioned that during his visit, when he met us we were only a pathetic thirty people survived said one of the surviving woman and on a photograph one can see some males, females and children standing near a medical officer in torn and tattered clothes.” As we could not longer remain in jungle we dis- persed to different villages. In January 1963, after New year celebration we came back to our old and abandoned village for re-established ourselves, al- though, normal lives could not be restored for many years.
We are grateful to Shri. Yitachu, under whose President-ship in 1993,of Pochury Students’ Union initiated in observing 6th September as “Pochury Black Day” and it has been observed every year since then. We all must speak out the names of those who had sacrificed their precious lives for the cause of our Naga birth right as the Bible says in Proverb 31:8, “Open your mouth for the speechless in the cause of all who appointed to die.” One generation shall pass away but the memory of Matikhrü massacre shall not pass away and will ever live in our memory. Appeal to the Vigiliance Commissioner and the Department of State and National Highway Labourers Living Eyewitness - Pochury Black Day, and Massacre of Matikhrü Village READERS’ MIRROR
VIEWS & REVIEWS God is our greatest help in times of distress. A s a teenager, when I became overwhelmed by enormous challenges or high-stakes decisions, my mother taught me the merits of putting pen to paper to gain perspective. When to pursue, or how to cope with the frightening realities of adulthood, I learned her habit of writing out the basic facts and the possible courses of action with their likely outcomes. After pouring my heart onto the page, I was able to step back from the problem and view it Just as recording my thoughts on paper offered me fresh per- spective, pouring our hearts out to God in prayer helps us gain His after receiving a daunting letter from an ominous adversary. The Assyrians threatened to destroy Jerusalem as they had many other nations. Hezekiah spread out the letter before the Lord, prayerfully calling on Him to deliver the people so that the world would recog- nize He “alone . . . [is] God” (2 Kings 19:19). When we’re faced with a situation that brings anxiety, fear, or a deep awareness that getting through it will require more than what we have, let’s follow in Hezekiah’s footsteps and run straight to the Lord. Like him, we too can lay our problem before God and trust Him to guide our steps and calm our uneasy hearts. Give It to God DAILY
PATH M any students walk into Economics class without any planning. After some- time they realize their mistake and want to turn back but by then they may be too late. They are compelled to hang on to the subject ir- respective of whether they have the ap- titude for it or not. They cannot switch to other subject for honours, at the same time they do not wish to opt for General Course only. The result is, poor performance, followed by frustration and dissatisfaction. And finally, poor performance in academics, that could lessen their prospects of good employ- ment in future. Obviously, having stud- ied a subject, if one cannot excel in it, then it will naturally bring despair and frustration to the student. There are 3 (2 compulsory and 1 op- tional) Quantitative papers (Mathemat- ics oriented) in the Syllabus of under- graduate course in Arts. So, unless one is good in mathematics it is not possible to do well in this subject. Hence, if one is to opt for Economics, he/she should have a basic knowledge and ability in Mathematics. Unless one is prepared accordingly, he/she should not waste his/her time in opting for economics. In modern times, mathematics is widely used as a language to explain and understand the economic princi- ples and theories. By using quantitative methods, one is able to derive more ac- curate results in studying the economic problems. And therefore, seeing the ad- vantage of using mathematics, of late, more and more economists are produc- ing mathematical oriented text books. Thus, it becomes necessary for students to master the quantitative techniques (mathematics) before they embark on the study of the subject. The study of economics in the past was more theoret- ical like the fact that Adam Smith, the Father of Economics, did not use any mathematics to express his wonderful ideas. So also students could study eco- nomics without mathematics then. But later on, scholars began employing sci- entific techniques to study problems of economics which gave them more ac- curate results. This prompted majority of authors to write Economics books in mathematics. Global as well as country level de- bate is on whether to turn economics into a highly mathematical oriented subject so as to make it equivalent to pure science or not. While the debate is inconclusive, the general tendency is in favour of making mathematics an indis- pensable tool for study of economics. Under such situation, the student is left with no alternative but to acquire basic knowledge of mathematics so that he will be able to access the resources in the subject. Accordingly if one does not have the required ability for the subject, he should not opt for it so as to avoid unnecessary problems in the future. Having said this, the most advis- able course for a student aspiring to study economics is to do well in HSLC mathematics paper. At the 10+2 level also he should take up mathematics as main subject irrespective of whether he studies Arts or Science. For that matter the best preparatory course for BA Eco- nomics will be Class XI, XII Science with Mathematics and Physics. Why Physics here? The fact is that many economic principles are influenced by Physics, and so anyone having Physics background will have advantage of un- derstanding the subject better. This takes our discussion a bit fur- ther to the location of Economics Sub- ject in the institutions. As indirectly mentioned above, the best combination for the subject being Economics, Math- ematics and Physics, Economics should be located in Colleges where there is Science Stream. Accordingly, those who offer the above 3 subjects may be preferably awarded BSc Economics degree rather than BA Economics. For this, the University concerned need to take a very strong step. In the event Sci- ence Stream is not available in the in- stitution, at least Mathematics Depart- ment and Statistics departments should be attached to Arts Colleges where BA Economics is offered. This will ensure provision of adequate number of teach- ers for Quantitative papers. In conclusion it may be mentioned that a student need not take up honours in Economics unless he is aiming for post graduate studies and also to settle for academic profession. For the rest of the students, pass course is enough.
T he Government of India was aware of the Rights of the Na- gas, however, since the Naga Nation was small, weak and her population less, India wanted to dominate and subjugate the Nagas. The Indian forces invaded the Naga territory and perpetrated barbaric and inhuman atrocities on the Nagas added with the wilful destruction of property. This led the Naga National Council (NNC) to establish the Federal Government of Nagaland (FGN) on 22nd March 1956 to defend and protect her rights, her ter- ritory, property and her people. When the undeclared war was going on between the two Nations for about 10 years, a Ceasefire was brought about to be effective from 6th September, 1964 through the mediation and intervention of the NBCC and personalities like J.P. Narayan, Michael Scott, B.P. Chaliha, etc. The Nation is eternally grateful to them and also indebted to the sacrifices of the Naga patriots for giving us a his- tory we can be proud of and their mem- ories will be cherished and treasured for all times to come. After signing the Ceasefire, Peace talk was started between the two Na- tions. The First was held in Nagaland and rest were held at Delhi at the Prime Minister level but no settlement could be reached. Why did the Peace talks fail? There may have been many reasons but the main reason was because the attitude and approach of the GOI was wrong and also India was not sincere enough. What should have been resolved with the NNC and FGN, GOI chose to sign the agreement known as the 16th Point Agreement with the Naga Peo- ples’ Convention, a Naga group formed by India. This resulted in the creation of the state of Nagaland within the In- dian Union. This was a great blunder committed by India. The Nagas were not under the Indian Constitution but they forced the Nagas to come under it. The GOI had inaugurated the state of Nagaland and on top of this signed Ceasefire with FGN and was going to have Dialogue. In 1972 GOI unilaterally abrogated the Ceasefire and unleashed war against the Nagas. Then in 1975, GOI signed the Shillong Accord with some so called “Representatives of Underground Organ- ization” which created more confusion. After a gap of more than 30 (Thirty) years in 1997, GOI entered into Cease- fire with NSCN IM, a rebel group which broke out of the NNC and FGN and started the “Peace Process” resulting in the signing of the Framework Agree- ment on 3rd August 2015. The contents of this agreement have been kept secret till date and no sensible person will give blind support. Without Sovereignty the Naga people will not accept the agree- ment because the betrayal of a cause for which thousands of lives have been sac- rificed is not possible. It is a fact that the Naga political issue has be resolved soon but this does not mean that any group of people can barter for any agreement. How many times and with how many different groups will the GOI en- ter into Ceasefire? Nagas are clear about our rights and can no longer be fooled. The Indo-Naga problem is more than 70 years old and the solution and settle- ment should pose as a challenge to the wisdom, maturity and statesmanship of the Indian leaders. Before some unseen circumstance arises, without making any more mistakes the GOI should seri- ously ponder, boldly decide and arrive at a solution with the legitimate group at an early date.
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