Ungma villagers seen rummaging the charred remains of the house on Tuesday. The accused person and the taxi recovered on Tuesday
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- So what might replace it
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Counselling For Economics 53 rd BIBLE READ: 2 KINGS 19:9–19 THOUGHT FOR TODAY: Then [Hezekiah] went up to the temple of the Lord and spread it out before the Lord. ~ 2 Kings 19:14 E ASTERN
M IRROR
| Dimapur, Wednesday, September 6, 2017 7 A woodcut of Nuremberg from the Nuremberg Chronicle 1493. Photo courtesy Wikipedia
Jamie Bartlett | Aeon Today’s ASTRO-
PREDICTION ARIES (MAR 21 - APR 19): Be careful of letting a sour mood ruin your day, Aries. You may not feel particularly cheerful. This is liable to have a dramatic effect on everyone else. Be aware of the fact that your mood may not be an accurate reflection of reality, even though for the most part your world is centered on your moods and the dramatic swings they go through within one day. TAURUS (APR 20 - MAY 20): Relationships may be a bit difficult, Taurus, so don’t force pleasantry if it doesn’t come naturally. Your mot- to today should be, “If you don’t have anything nice to say, don’t say anything at all.” Perhaps this leaves you tongue-tied, but that’s fine. If you need to spend the day alone, so be it. Don’t be social if you don’t feel like it. GEMINI (MAY 21 - JUN 21): You may put other people’s needs before yours, Gemini. There’s an important balance between being selfish and being selfless. Don’t sacrifice your- self to be a servant to others. It’s important that you not think only of yourself without considering how your ac- tions will affect others. You may swing toward the former today. This will only lead to resentment and deplete your emotional and physical resources. CANCER (JUN 22 - JUL 22): Be disciplined. Maintain your boundaries in order to keep from getting swept into other people’s soap op- eras, Cancer. It may be fun to escape your prob- lems by jumping into someone else’s life, but soon you’ll find the extra weight is not only taxing but also won’t solve your problems. You may need to say no to others, but that’s fine. It’s vital that you consider your needs. LEO (JUL 23 - AUG 22): Don’t go overboard, Leo. You may get so carried away in the ear- ly part of the day that by evening you notice you’ve gone beyond your own boundaries. Re- gret may sink in, and you may feel guilty about things you said or did. Prevent this by thinking things through before speaking or acting. You have the power to impact people on a deep emotional level. Use this power wisely. VIRGO (AUG 23 - SEP 22): People may be trying to subtly communicate to you, but you may not be aware of this because you’re so caught up in your own difficulties, Virgo. You may feel like you’re driving with the emergency brake on. You’re so preoccupied with running smoothly that you’re unaware of other cars on the road. Stop, release the brake, and drive. LIBRA (SEP 23 - OCT 22): You may feel like you aren’t getting the attention you need or de- serve, Libra. Because of this, you may resent the people you feel you should be getting it from. This attitude is likely to make people less likely to come to your rescue. Who wants to be around someone so needy and unhappy? Focus on yourself and your own healing before you take your issues to others. SCORPIO (OCT 23 - NOV 21): Try not to push away the very people who are there to help you, Scorpio. Dumping your problems on oth- ers may be the thing that does just that. Recog- nize your uncomfortable feelings, but don’t burden others with them. Your happiness is your responsibility. You’ll feel much better about yourself if you take care of your own discomfort. Then you’ll attract the people you love. SAGITTARIUS (NOV 22 - DEC 21): Your adaptive powers are useful in that they give you a high tolerance for uncomfortable situations, Sagittarius. At times, however, this trait may not serve you very effectively. You may end up staying in a difficult relationship or unsatisfying job because you fear something new. Life is short. If you want to improve your situation, take responsibility for it. Be proactive. CAPRICORN (DEC 22 - JAN 19): You may feel lonely and isolated, like there’s no one you can talk to, Capricorn. Your interactions may seem like giving a speech instead of having a discussion. Perhaps you feel like you’re talking to yourself most of the time and no one is really listening. There’s noth- ing wrong with you or the person you’re talking to. It’s just a phase. Don’t get hung up on it. AQUARIUS (JAN 20 - FEB 18): Don’t fall into the self-pity trap, Aquarius. You may have a tendency to mope around until someone no- tices and asks what’s wrong. If no one does, you might get angry and pretty soon feel like you have no friends. Your mood could worsen, and you might snap when someone asks you a reasonable question. Be careful of sliding down this slippery slope. PISCES (FEB 19 - MAR 20): You’re at an emo- tionally climactic time, Pisces. You may feel like someone is putting a damper on your feelings. Perhaps you’re scared or shy. Perhaps you don’t feel you can express yourself the way you want to. If so, consider why. Do other people make you feel this way or are you uncomfortable with your own feelings? The issue may have more to do with your inner turmoil than with others. T he rest of Indian people may not know that Nagas are geographically divided into Manipur, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam and Nagaland State. In all these areas, Nagas are a minor- ity except in Nagaland state where it is 100% Nagas. The 16th Point agreement between the Govt of India and the Nagas created the Nagaland State. When the state of Nagaland was created, there was 20% job reservation for the Nagas living outside the state of Naga- land. This indicates that Nagaland State was the mother of all Nagas and maybe to look after the welfare of all the Nagas till the Naga Political solution was resolved. Having the above as a premise, I feel very uncomfortable for the development of a new concept called “Nagaland Nagas”. Yes, eve- ryone knows that Nagas are there in Manipur, Assam, Arunachal Pradesh and they are called as Manipur Nagas, Arunachal Nagas, and Assam Nagas and obviously Nagaland Nagas will be called as Nagaland Nagas. But those days, Nagaland Nagas do not say I am a Nagaland Naga to indicate that they are a separate Naga. They introduce themselves as Nagaland. And in the heart of heart we the Nagas from outside Nagaland state are very proud of Nagaland State because this state represents the Nagas and speaks to India and the rest of the world that there is a race called Naga in India. Otherwise Nagas may be a lost people or a wondering race. The rest of the Na- gas living in Manipur, Assam and Arunachal Pradesh cannot speak for Nagas because they are a minority in those states. Their voices are crushed by the majority. Some political lead- ers in Manipur say that there are no Nagas in Manipur. And the Manipur Nagas cannot fight against such statement other than agita- tions and bandhs expressing their anger and frustration. Recently there was a newspaper report that Arunachal Nagas hardly gets Rs. 20 cr per year for their developmental purpos- es. And as per information, Arunachal Nagas are one of the poorest people in Arunachal Pradesh. I presume Assam Nagas will still be worse. Hence the anger, frustration, the emo- tions of these Nagas being divided into these states as minority people are all angry with the government of India for their divide and rule policy. They have the potential to vent out their frustration but they are suppressed till date thinking that one day the Naga politi- cal solution will unite all under one State or Nation and then only they will enjoy the full- ness of a Naga. The Nagas of Nagaland state may not enjoy the fullness of a Naga but they are very fortunate to enjoy the statehood with 100% Nagas and Nagas alone. Other Nagas look up to Nagaland Nagas because they are the face of all the Nagas. So my contention is when other Nagas are suffering in these states, why there is a devel- opment of a new thinking called “Nagaland Nagas”. Will there be any benefit for Naga- land Nagas by this thinking? If there will be any benefit then maybe the opportunity must be seized. But I do not see that rather I see there will be deeper divide among the Nagas for no benefit or reward whatsoever to any- body. In all my more than 35 years of living in Nagaland State I have never seen the elders from Nagaland State speaking in the tone of Nagaland Nagas. They were very magnani- mous, accommodative and seem to under- stand the sufferings of the people because of the political nature of the Nagas. I think the other Nagas also did not take undue advan- tage of these elders by way of employment in state government jobs, contracts etc. So far, they did not even question as to why that 20% job reservation was cancelled in 1972. Hence I look up to the Nagaland Nagas to be bold, far- sighted and represent the whole Nagas till the Naga Political solution is logically concluded.
I f you’d been born 2,500 years ago in southern Europe, you’d have been convinced that the Ro- man empire would last forever. It had, after all, been around for 1,000 years. And yet, following a period of economic and military decline, it fell apart. By 467 CE it was gone. To the people living under the mighty em- pire, these events must have been un- thinkable. Just as they must have been for those living through the collapse of the Pharaoh’s rule or Christendom or the Ancien Régime. We are just as deluded that our model of living in ‘countries’ is inevi- table and eternal. Yes, there are dic- tatorships and democracies, but the whole world is made up of nation- states. This means a blend of ‘nation’ (people with common attributes and characteristics) and ‘state’ (an organ- ised political system with sovereignty over a defined space, with borders agreed by other nation-states). Try to imagine a world without countries – you can’t. Our sense of who we are, our loyalties, our rights and obliga- tions, are bound up in them. Which is all rather odd, since they’re not really that old. Until the mid-19th century, most of the world was a sprawl of empires, unclaimed land, city-states and principalities, which travellers crossed without checks or passports. As industrialisa- tion made societies more complex, large centralised bureaucracies grew up to manage them. Those govern- ments best able to unify their regions, store records, and coordinate action (especially war) grew more powerful vis-à-vis their neighbours. Revolu- tions – especially in the United States (1776) and France (1789) – helped to create the idea of a commonly defined ‘national interest’, while improved communications unified language, culture and identity. Impe- rialistic expansion spread the nation- state model worldwide, and by the middle of the 20th century it was the only game in town. There are now 193 nation-states ruling the world. But the nation-state with its bor- ders, centralised governments, com- mon people and sovereign authority is increasingly out of step with the world. And as Karl Marx observed, if you change the dominant mode of production that underpins a society, the social and political structure will change too. The case against the nation-state is hardly new. Twenty years ago, many were prophesising its immi- nent demise. Globalisation, said the futurists, was chipping away at na- tion-states’ power to enforce change. Businesses, finance and people could up sticks and leave. The exciting, new internet seemed to herald a border- less, free, identity-less future. And climate change, internet governance and international crime all seemed beyond the nation-state’s abilities. It seemed too small to handle interna- tional challenges; and too lumbering to tinker with local problems. Vot- ers were quick to spot all this and stopped bothering to vote, making matters worse. In 1995, two books both titled The End of the Nation State – one by the former French diplomat Jean-Marie Guéhenno, the other by the Japanese organisational theorist Kenichi Ohmae – proph- esised that power would head up to multinational bodies such as the Eu- ropean Union or the United Nations, or down to regions and cities. Reports of its death were greatly exaggerated, and the end-of-the-na- tion-state theory itself died at the turn of the millennium. But now it’s back, and this time it might be right. There were only tens of millions of people online in 1995 when the nation-state was last declared dead. In 2015, that number had grown to around 3 billion; by 2020, it will be more than 4 billion. (And more than 20 billion internet-connected devic- es.) Digital technology doesn’t really like the nation-state. John Perry Bar- low’s ‘Declaration of the Independ- ence of Cyberspace’ (1996) sums it up well: the internet is a technology built on libertarian principles. Cen- sorship-free, decentralised and bor- derless. And now ubiquitous. This is an enormous pain for the nation-state in all sorts of ways. It’s now possible for the British National Health Service to be targeted by ran- somware launched in North Korea, and there are few ways to stop it or bring perpetrators to justice. App technology such as Uber and De- liveroo has helped to produce a sud- den surge in the gig economy, which is reckoned to cost the government £3.5 billion a year by 2020-1. There are already millions of people using bitcoin and blockchain technolo- gies, explicitly designed to wrestle control of the money supply from central banks and governments, and their number will continue to grow. It’s also infusing us with new values, ones that are not always national in nature: a growing number of people see themselves as ‘global’ citizens. That’s not even the worst of it. On 17 September 2016, the then presidential candidate Donald Trump tweeted: ‘A nation without borders is not a nation at all. We WILL Make America Safe Again!’ The outcry obscured the fact that Trump was right (in the first half, anyway). Borders determine who’s in and who’s out, who’s a citizen and who’s not, who puts in and who takes from the common pot. If a na- tion cannot defend its border, it ceas- es to exist in any meaningful way, both as a going concern and as the agreed-upon myth that it is. Trump’s tweet was set against the German chancellor Angela Merkel’s offer, one year earlier, of asylum for Syrians. The subsequent movement of people across Europe – EU mem- ber states received 1.2 million first- time asylum applications in 2015 – sparked a political and humanitarian crisis, the ramifications of which are still unfolding. It certainly contrib- uted to the United Kingdom’s deci- sion to leave the EU. But 1.2 million people is a trickle compared to what’s coming. Exact numbers are hard to come by, and notoriously broad, but according to some estimates as many as 200 million people could be cli- mate-change refugees by the middle of the century. If the EU struggles to control its borders when 1.2 million people move, what would happen if 200 million do? The lesson of history – real, long-lens human history – is that people move, and when they do, it’s hard to stop. This is the crux of the problem: nation-states rely on control. If they can’t control information, crime, businesses, borders or the money supply, then they will cease to deliver what citizens demand of them. In Nagaland State: The Face of All Nagas the end, nation-states are nothing but agreed-upon myths: we give up cer- tain freedoms in order to secure oth- ers. But if that transaction no longer works, and we stop agreeing on the myth, it ceases to have power over us. So what might replace it? The city-state increasingly looks like the best contender. These are cities with the same independent sovereign authority as nations, places such as Monaco or Singapore. The city-state has recently been feted by Forbes magazine (‘A New Era For The City- State?’ 2010), Quartz (‘Nations Are No Longer Driving Globalisation – Cities Are’, 2013), The Boston Globe (‘The City-State Returns’, 2015) and the Gates Foundation-funded How We Get to Next (‘The Rebirth of the City-State’, 2016). The trends that are pinching the nation-state are helping the city- state. In a highly connected, quasi- borderless world, cities are centres of commerce, growth, innovation, technology and finance. According to Bruce Katz, Centennial Scholar at the Brookings Institution in Wash- ington, DC, and co-author (with Jere- my Nowak) of the forthcoming book The New Localism: How Cities Can Thrive in the Age of Populism, the hub-like quality of large cities is espe- cially valuable in the modern econo- my: ‘Innovation happens because of collaboration, and that needs proxim- ity. You need a dense eco-system, and so hyper-connectivity is reinforcing concentration.’ Cities also have de- mographic weight on their side: for the first time in history, in 2014 the majority of humans live in cities. Thiz is giving cities more politi- cal muscle than ever, which they are increasingly keen to flex. On the is- sue of climate change, for example – something at which nation-states have failed abysmally – cities are pushing ahead. Since 2006, the C40 initiative has brought together more than 60 cities to promote partnerships and technology to reduce carbon emissions, often going significantly beyond international agreements. In the US, where the federal govern- ment appears to have given up on climate change, leadership has fallen to cities. This shift in power is visible in the way that the mayors of major cit- ies are political heavyweights in their own right: think of Bill de Blasio in New York, Sadiq Khan in London, Virginia Raggi in Rome, Ada Colau in Barcelona. Cities as diverse as Indianapolis and Copenhagen are experimenting with ways of using their own physical, economic and social assets to self-finance city-level investment. According to Katz, the world is moving beyond a nation-state world. ‘We’re entering a period where cit- ies have new kinds of power. They have enormous chances to leverage their economic and financial advan- tages to augment their position and effect change,’ he told me. I’m used to thinking about power in binary terms: you either have it or you don’t. But according to Katz, we need to re- think because there is something in between, where cities are not fully in- dependent of their nation-states, but not supplicant to them either: ‘Cities are not subordinate to nation-states, they are powerful networks of insti- tutions and actors that co-produce the economy. Power in the 21st cen- tury belongs to the problem-solvers. National governments debate and mostly dither. Cities act, cities do. Power increasingly comes from the cities up, not handed down from the nation-state.’ For a very long time, power was always found at the city-level. For thousands of years, urban settle- ments with self-government and city walls provided protection, services in exchange for tithes and taxes, and a set of rules by which to live and trade. The Hanseatic cities for example – with their own armies and laws – pooled their economic weight to im- prove their bargaining power with other nations in the early 19th centu- ry, and became an economic power- house in the Baltic trade route. These cities – which included Bremen and Hamburg – realised they shared much in common, and that their mutual in- terests might be best served by work- ing together. As today’s centres of ur- ban global capitalism, major cities are more similar to each other than the provinces of their own nation-states. They are all hubs of finance, tech in- novation, culture, and characterised by high levels of diversity and inward migration. While the UK voted to leave the EU 52/48, London voted to remain 60/40. (Following this vote, there was a short-lived movement for London to declare independence from the rest of the UK.) London, as is often remarked by visitors, is noth- ing like the rest of the country. The same can certainly be said of the US east- and west-coast behemoths. Fleeting around from one city to the next, as I sometimes do, feels more Hanseatic League than League of Nations: a system of powerful, trading, networked cities. And the Hanseatic League itself was hardly an oddity. Before that there was Ven- ice of course, and that was merely the most well-known of many in- dependent city-states dotted across what is now Italy in the 10th to 16th centuries, including Florence, Bolo- gna and Turin. But even this is ‘re- cent’ in the lifetime of the ancient city-state, which reaches back to Je- rusalem, before that Athens, before that Babylon, and all the way back to Ur. Only a few formal city-states still exist today (Monaco, Singapore and the Vatican are the completely sovereign city-states; others, such as Hong Kong, act like one but do not have full sovereignty). It is in fact a historical anomaly that so few of us live in city-states. Clearly, nation-states won’t go down tamely. Carving out a new form of sovereign authority from an exist- ing one is extremely difficult, and is generally frowned upon by the UN. There’s a more prosaic reason too. In 2015, 2.1 million residents of Venice in Italy (89 per cent of those who voted) voted for independence in a non-binding referendum. Residents were annoyed that the city pays $20 billion more in tax than it gets back. But Italy will certainly not let Venice and its $20 billion tax go easily. To be continued... Download 0.88 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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