Unit 12 racial classification* Contents
ANSWER/HINTS TO CHECK YOUR
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Unit12
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- Racial Classification Great Divisions of Humankind
- Racial Classification
12.7 ANSWER/HINTS TO CHECK YOUR
PROGRESS 1) There is three distinct types of physical features of ancient Indian population as per Sanskrit literatures; these are light coloured Indo-Aryan, yellow coloured Kiratas (Indo-Mongoloids) and dark complexioned Nishadas (Australoids). Racial Classification Great Divisions of Humankind 172 2) In 1758, Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist established taxonomic classifications and identified four ‘varieties’ of human species- Homo European, Homo American, Homo Asiatic and Homo African. 3) Blumenbach claimed that the Adam and Eve were inhabitants of Asia with Caucasian characteristics. Other races probably originated because of degeneration of environmental factors such as sun and diet. Therefore, Negroid’s black pigmentation arose because of heat of tropical sun, Eskimos (now called Inuits) tawny colour because of cold wind. He also believed in reversed degeneration; all the other form could revert to the Caucasian form depends on sun and diet. However, one can find (even used for) scientific racism in his idea of degeneration, but Blumenbach never identified any race superior to others. 4) Earnest Albert Hooton (1887-1954), a Jewish-American Physical Anthropologist was the author of the book ‘Up from The Ape’. 5) In 1947, Hooton modified his classification of Human races. For further details kindly refer section 12.2. 6) The important characteristic features of Negroid are as follows: Dark brown to black skin colour; Black woolly or frizzly hair; little body and face hair; Dolicocephalic head with protruding occiput; Broad and flat nose; nasal root and bridge are low; Facial prognathism marked; Small eye brow ridges; Eye colour is dark brown to black; Ear form short, wide with rolled helix, little or no lobe; Thick and everted lips; and Stature is variable. 7) H. H. Risley identified seven following ‘physical types’ in the Indian population: i) The Dravidian type ii) The Indo-Aryan type iii) The Mongoloid iv) The Aryo-Dravidian v) The Mongolo-Dravidian vi) The Scytho-Dravidian vii) The Turko-Iranian 173 8) The important physical features of Indian Mongoloid race include: They are broad-head, dark complexion with yellowish tinge; scanty hair on face and body; stature is usually short or below medium; nose shows a wide range of variation, from fine to broad; face is flat and eyes are oblique with epicanthic fold. Examples: Kanets of Lahul and Kulu Valleys, Lepchas of Darjeeling and Sikkim and Limbus, Murmis and Gurungs of Nepal. 9) The Dravidian race is distributed in India from Ceylon to the valley of the Ganges covering the southern part of India, Western Bengal, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh (Hyderabad), Central India and Chota Nagpur. Racial Classification Download 228.37 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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