Unit 12 racial classification* Contents
Great Divisions of Humankind
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Unit12
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Great Divisions of Humankind
158 newly available to European scholars. One finds in Kant not only a clear and consistent terminological distinction between race and species that was lacking in his predecessors but also an insistence on the permanence of racial characteristics across the generations. Both features contribute to the claim that Kant, rather than, for example, Georges-Louis Leclerc de Buffon, was the first to develop a rigorous scientific concept of race (Bernasconi and Lott, 2000). In 1758, Carolus Linnaeus, a Swedish botanist established taxonomic classifications and identified four ‘varieties’ of human species Homo European, Homo American, Homo Asiatic and Homo African and he attributed inherited biological and learned cultural traits to each of them. Now-a-days science can recognize ethnocentric assumptions involved in such type of prejudice classifications. Later on European scholars divided Homo sapiens into seven distinctive groups based on said physical features and common territory; these are Australoid, Caucasoid, Mongoloid, Negroid, Native Americans and Polynesians. This unit discusses significant racial classification systems proposed by scholars like Blumenbach, Hooton, Risley and Guha. Check Your Progress 1 1) What are the different types of physical features of ancient Indian population as per Sanskrit literature? ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. 2) How many ‘varieties’ of human species were identified by Carolus Linnaeus? ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. ............................................................................................................. Download 228.37 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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