Vertical axis wind turbines for energy efficiency of buildings

VERTICAL AXIS WIND TURBINES
Small power wind turbines can be of horizontal or vertical type, depending on the nature of the building. The dependence of horizontal wind turbines on the direction of the wind requires a number of technical solutions when installing them in buildings of different constructions. Vertical type wind turbines do not depend on the direction of the wind, that is, it is not required to adjust the turbine blades to the direction of the wind. Also, vertical type turbines can generate electricity even when the wind speed is 2-3 m/s. But despite the above advantages of vertical type turbines, there are some disadvantages (Table 1).
Table 1. Advantages and disadvantages of VAWT

VAWT Advantages

due to its installation close to the surface of the earth, its maintenance is easy; It can operate at small wind speeds compared to horizontal turbines; No need to adjust to the wind direction; Ease of installation on building roofs, tunnels, bridges.

VAWT Disadvantages

Low efficiency compared to HAWT; Inability to support the production of large capacities; The technical complexity of manufacturing in large quantities.

There are many innovative types of vertical turbines available today. However, vertical turbines are divided into 2 groups:
a) Savonius
b) Darrieus
Savonius Wind Turbine
A vertical type Savonius wind turbine can operate mainly at low wind speeds. Savonius type wind turbines can capture small wind currents due to their large size. Below are the types of Savonius wind turbines (Figure 1)[3].
Figure 1. Different types of Savonius Wind Turbines.