2-practical training. Object and subject of research of individual areas of economic and social geography №

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2-practical training. Object and subject of research of individual areas of economic and 
social geography 
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Assignments to be completed 
1.
Practical 
Training result 
2.
Explain the role, goals and objectives of economic and social geography in the 
system of Sciences. 
Written 
description 
3.
Study the object and subject of research in economic and social geography. Fill 
out Table 1 using text. 
Table 1
 
1-Table 
Object of study of economic and social 
geography 
Subject of study of economic and social 
geography 
 
 
 
 
 
1-app. Questions 
Q1: who was the first to introduce the scientific term economic geography into science? 
Answer: M.V. Lomonosov 
Q2: when did Economic Geography appear as a science? 
Answer: 1200-1250 years ago 
Q3: who studied the influence of natural conditions on the development of society? 
Answer: Louis Montesquieu 
Question 4: to the development of the science of “Economic Geography ” in Uzbekistan 
in 1920-30
who contributed? 
Answer: Balashov, Arkhangelsk, Obidovs. 
Q5: how many parts is the science of Economic Geography divided into? What are they? 
Answer: to 2: general economic geography and economic geography of Regions. 
The development of society, socio-economic changes do not take place only over time 
(period), they also occur at the same time in a certain place-space. These territorial aspects of 
Social Development fall within the scope of research in geography. 
However, with the development of society, the object of research in the disciplines that 
study it is also becoming more complex and improved. This is natural and in itself legal. In 
particular, the object of economic geography was first the settlement of the economic and 
population productive forces of a particular country or region, then it took the form of a 
territorial structure or system of economic and population, territorial social economic complexes 
(complexes). Accordingly, the function of this science has also changed. CHunonchi, while 
earlier the main focus was on studying where what was, now it is required to interpret and 
evaluate on a scientific basis why this or that reality arose exactly in this place. A deep 
understanding of such patterns further enhances the practical (constructive) significance of 
science. Because, it now rises from the analysis of territorial socio-economic systems of various 
majors to their diagnosis, and from it to the level of forecasting and management. 
Hence, the processes of development of society, development and deployment of 
productive forces are the cause of a change in the object of economic geography. Accordingly, 
the subject of research and tasks of this science are also being improved. At the moment, such 
evolutionary processes lead to the adaptation of the name of science to the demand of the Times. 
Consequently, traditional economic geography is gradually turning into economic and social 

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geography, and it, in turn, into a more complex form-social geography, which makes this science 
adapted to world-class templates. 
It is worth saying that there is not a single stable, satisfying definition of this science. The 
reason for this may be the wide scope of the subject of geography, the fact that the object and its 
name change over the period. At the same time, most of the definitions of economic geography 
emphasize the forces of production, the features of their placement. These have become the core 
concept, axiom of this science. Of course, this is not in vain, since the basis of the economy is 
determined by the forces of production, and the essence of economic geography is determined by 
the features of their location. In addition, development is carried out only in a specific place, 
space, therefore placement is a territorial perception of development. 
Such an approach to the issue is due, in our opinion, to the historical development of 
economic geography. It is known that the problems of the placement of production networks 
were first encountered in Europe in particular in Germany by German scientists I.Tyunen, 
A.Weber, A.Lesh, V.Viewed from practice by crystaller and others. However, they did not 
describe the result of their deployment (shtandort) ideas as "economic geography".
We think that even now, in the definition of science, it is necessary to leave the phrase 
"location of the forces of production", after all, any placement is carried out in a specific area. 
But for today's subject of our science, this is not enough. The reason is-he is now gaining the 
status of economic and social geography, and not just economic. From the same vaj, such a 
definition does not fully reflect the content of Science in its name. 
True, the" forces of production " include, first of all, the population that is its subject, 
owner. But here the population is mainly referring to the content of labor, that is, in the form of 
an economic category. A person, his social life, and his interactions in the social environment are 
left out of the scope of this phrase. Without it, science will continue to be economic, production 
geography as before. 
Based on the above views and considerations, the definition of economic and social 
geography can be given approximately as follows: economic and social geography as an 
independent science studies the features of the development and settlement of productive forces 
in different countries and regions, as well as the territorial aspects of human life-activity and way 
of life. In short, it is correct to describe social geography as the science of the territorial 
organization of life and activities of society. Obviously, the definition presented is also not a 
contender for absolute accuracy. But at the same time, we are sure that it, taking its economic 
and social fronts into its framework, embodies the fundamental essence of Science and fully 
expresses it. 
There is a possessive and participle, determinant and complement of the given definition, 
that is, fragments of the first and second order. CHunonchi, if from this definition the concepts of 
the owner of the sentence-"different country or region", "territory" are removed, then there will 
be no room for geography. Hence, it is these expressions that indicate that this definition refers 
to geography. 
The same word" feature " (participle) is extremely important for geography. Because the 
main and ultimate goal of science is to reveal the location of the forces of production, its unique 
and inimitable nature in different regions of the way of human life (the same is true in history-
this science loses its essence if the nature of different periods in the development of society is not 
determined). After all, what is everywhere should not be absolutely in geography. If all the space 
were flat, of the same level in one color, neither geography nor, moreover, the development of 
society would have been itself. 
The idea of complexes or complexes (systems) was not included in it, so that our 
definition would be so complex that it could not expand. And in fact, economic and social 
geography sees the reality in which it is studying in a certain territory and not only separately, 
but also in interaction, that is, within the framework of certain territorial systems. 
Therefore, the definition given above can be further perfected, namely: "economic and 
social geography studies the forces of production in different countries or regions of 

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development and settlement, as well as the way of life and life of a person in complexes or 
within territorial socio-economic systems." 
Of course, the subject, definition of any science must necessarily reflect its basic 
principles. Because a science that does not have its own methodology and Methodology, subject 
and principles of research cannot be considered an independent science. 
So, what are the basic principles of geography, including economic and social 
geography? In our opinion, there are different levels of foundations here, some of which belong 
only to this science, while the rest have universal, philosophical significance.