Lesson XVII i scale Up I lesson 16 “World awards” II topic: “Ecological problems” III grammar revision: Training exercises on Past Perfect Tense

Lesson XVII I Scale Up I Lesson 16 “World awards” II Topic: “Ecological problems” III Grammar revision: Training exercises on Past Perfect Tense (2hours)

I Scale Up I Lesson 16 “World awards”

1. Read the text and make up the best title covering the overall idea of it.

WORLD AWARDS
Beeing awarded with “Oltin qalam” (“The Golden ^pencil”) was one of the most unforgettable experiences of my life. I had the opportunity to meet many candidates of the competition from all over the country. I started working at the local newspaper office where I ultimately became extremely involved. It has only been 7 years since I began working as a newspaper reporter and since my involvement, 1 have developed a strong fervor and energy for the objectives promoted by the “Oltin qalam” organization. I feel honoured and blessed that I was chosen as a semi-finalist of the contest. I experienced so much and participated in new and exciting activities that have changed my life. I had the privilege to compete in the “Oltin qalam” competition after becoming a winner. Through competition I had the chance to encounter many talented youth from across the country and got a chance to experience life and culture from their perspective. I could’t win in the final competition, but I did get a chance to see a clump of celebrities!

Being a participant of that competition not only opened my eyes to the obstacles that we, as youth, have to overcome, but it demonstrated the obstacles

that we have in front of us. Also, I was privileged to meet and hear many accomplished professionals, famous journalists speak about different issues and help boost our motivation.

One of the memorable quotations which motivated me was Bo Jackson’s. His powerful and motivational quotation that “Set your goals high, and don’t stop till you get there” still linger in my soul and will motivate me for a long time. Winning that award was so encouraging and uplifting because it not only assured me that my hard work was paying off, but it assured me that my work was in alignment with organization.

Overall, my week in Tashkent was marvellous. I know that the work does not stop here, nor does the load lighten. I understand the significance of hard
work and tenacity demonstrated by those who have come before me. It is my duty to take my experience to the newspaper and use it to motivate myself.
What does ‘award’ mean for you: respect, high point in your life, stimulation, encouraging tool, activeness.
2. Read the statements and decide if they are true or false.

Statements	T	F
1. Powerless and motivational quotation empowered all participants
2. Award enlightened the author’s spirit
3. Award was not so satisfying and uplifting
4. “Set your goals high, and don’t give up till you get there”
5. The author understood the significance of a hard work and perseverance

3. Read the following piece of writing. What does this script present that differs greatly from other written assignments you’ve learned to write in previous lessons?

Dear Komil,

Don’t hesitate to participate in the competition “Nihol”. You are one of the best and talented students at our institute. Remember, you were a winner among competitors in our region six months ago. Now this is the last step to be a winner in Uzbekistan. You should go further and further. If you try more you will be among award-winners. No doubt, you will be a winner in the field of literature. I have already looked through all your creative works. Your publications
attract a huge number of readers’ attention. You are very experienced. Don’t believe in rumors around you. If you get “Nihol” award there will be positive changes in your life. Believe me.

Best wishes, Shahlo

II Topic: “Ecological problems”

1. Vocabulary:

to cause – chaqirmoq, olib kelmoq

damage – zarar

environment - atrof-muhit

ozone layer – ozonosfera

acid rains – kislotali yomg’ir

global warming – global issib ketish

toxic pollution of atmosphere – atmosferaning ifloslanishi

disappearance – yo’q bo’lib ketish

destruction – buzilish

soil – yer

to threat – tahdid solmoq

flora – o’simlik dunyosi

fauna – suv

habitat – turar joyi

to suit – moslamoq

to destroy – buzmoq

water pollution – suv ifloslanishi

air pollution – havo ifloslanishi

ground pollution – yer ifloslanishi

poisonous – zaxarli

to exhaust – chiqarmoq

oxygen – kislorod

moisture – namlik

vapour – bug’lanish

border - chegara

2. Read and translate the text:
Ecological problems cause great damage to our environment. Among the worst ones are the ozone layer, acid rains, global warming, toxic pollution of atmosphere, disappearance of forests, destruction of soil in some areas, and threat to some flora and fauna.
The Earth is the home to millions of different kinds of living things. Nowadays people try to change their habitats to suit their own needs – to create farmlands or build cities. They create pollution and destroy wildlife habitats.

There are different types of pollution: water pollution, air pollution, ground pollution and nuclear pollution.

Acid rain falls when poisonous gases from power stations and vehicle exhausts mix with oxygen and moisture in the air. These gases kills wildlife in lakes, rivers, and forests.
World temperatures are currently rising every year. This so called global warming is caused by the building of gases and water vapour in the atmosphere. This could cause sea levels to rise and many habitats will disappear under water.
Ecological problems have no borders. Governments must take serious actions against pollution.

 
3. Answer the questions:

1. What is “ecology”?

2. What ecological problems do you know?

3. How do people create pollution?

4. What types of pollution do you know?

5. What problems do acid rains cause?

6. What should humanity do in order to prevent our Nature from above mentioned threats?

4. Find antonyms. Match two parts

Negative meaning	Positive meaning
1) to cut down 2) to kill 3) to throw away 4) to destroy 5) to harm 6) to pollute 7) to damage	a) to plant, to grow b) to preserve c) to collect d) to restore e) to care about f) to reduce, recycle, reuse g) to defend, to protect

5. Complete the sentences using the right word:

1. Environmental protection is an ________________________problem.

a) easy;

b) important;

c) pleasant;

2. Factories pour a lot of______________into air and water:

a) a shortage;

b) waste;

c) pollution;

3. What caused the ________________of wildlife:

a) destruction;

b) poison;

c) population;

4. Many rivers and lakes are_____________________:

a) poisoned;

b) filled;

c) used;

5. Many scientists try_____________________ecology problems:

a) to solve;

b) to know;

c) to protect;

6. Make up a cluster on “What can we do to improve the ecological situation?”



Possible answers.

1. 
   We must avoid using non-biodegradable material.
   
2. 
   We have to find alternative ways to make energy. People should use clean energy, such as wind, solar and wave power, which don’t emit greenhouse gases.
   
3. 
   Some serious measures should be taken to create a system of ecological security.
   
4. 
   We should walk, cycle or use public transport whenever possible.
   
5. 
   When shopping, use a reusable bag instead of buying a plastic one in each shop.
   
6. 
   Use energy saving light bulbs.
   
7. 
   Plant a tree. A single tree will absorb one ton of carbon dioxide over its lifetime.
   
8. 
   Not to pollute the ecology while we are in the country.
   

III Grammar revision: Training exercises on Past Perfect Tense

1. Write the past participle:

SIMPLE FORM SIMPLE PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

1. 
   finish finished finished
   
2. 
   see saw …………………..
   
3. 
   have had …………………..
   
4. 
   meet met …………………..
   
5. 
   call called …………………..
   
6. 
   fall fell …………………..
   
7. 
   do did …………………..
   
8. 
   know knew …………………..
   
9. 
   fly flew …………………..
   
10. 
    come came …………………..
    
11. 
    study studied …………………..
    
12. 
    stay stayed …………………..
    
13. 
    begin began …………………..
    
14. 
    write wrote …………………..
    
15. 
    eat ate …………………..
    
16. 
    cut cut …………………..
    
17. 
    read read …………………..
    
18. 
    be was/were …………………..
    
19. 
    become became …………………..
    
20. 
    bite bit …………………..
    
21. 
    break broke …………………..
    
22. 
    bring brought …………………..
    
23. 
    build built …………………..
    
24. 
    buy bought …………………..
    
25. 
    catch caught …………………..
    
26. 
    choose chose …………………..
    
27. 
    cost cost …………………..
    
28. 
    cut cut …………………..
    
29. 
    drink drank …………………..
    
30. 
    drive drove …………………..
    
31. 
    feel felt …………………..
    
32. 
    find found …………………..
    
33. 
    fly flown …………………..
    
34. 
    forget forgot …………………..
    
35. 
    forgive forgave …………………..
    
36. 
    get gotten …………………..
    

2.Use the verbs in the Past Perfect:

1.Before I came home I ______________(buy) some bread.

2.When we reached the theatre the performance ____________________ (already/start).

3.I knew I ________________________(see) the man somewhere.

4.She _______________________ (never/write) a letter to the Queen.

5.I tried my friend’s bike. I ______________________________ (not+ride) a bike before.

6.Tom did not come to school yesterday because he ___________________ (fall) ill.

7.My friend ____________________________ (never/eat) snails before.

8. Why _________________________________ (he/choose) the sports car?

9.Kate was so unhappy because she ______________________ (lose) her new hairband.

10.The rabbit ran away because he _______________________ (forget) to close the door.

3. Supply a suitable SIMPLE PAST or PAST PERFECT TENSE:

1. 
   …………. he …………….. (know) her for a long time before they ……………………… (get) married?
   
2. 
   He ………………………………. (drive) down the hotel where they ……………………. (spend) their honeymoon years ago.
   
3. 
   When we ………………………… (get) to the station the train …………………………... (already / leave).
   
4. 
   He …………………………. (sit) at a table by the window where he …………………….. (have) a meal with Jane.
   
5. 
   Why ………………. he ………………… (not / ask) her to wait and think again before she ………………………….. (leave) Paris.
   
6. 
   He was wondering why he ………………………………… (let) her leave so easily.
   
7. 
   He knew he ………………………………… (earn) that money with a great difficulty.
   
8. 
   After they …………………………… (go), he …………………….. (sit) down and ……………………… (light) a cigarette.
   
9. 
   He ………………………….. (have to) go to work by bus because his car ………………. (break) down.
   

10. He …………………………… (angry) before he ……………………… (hear) my offer.