Simple Machines


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Simple Machines

  • Physics

What are some simple machines?

  • Lever
  • Incline Plane
  • Pulley

Simple Machines

  • Multiply the effort force (allows you to use a smaller effort force to raise a heavier object).
  • Change the direction of the force.
  • Do not reduce the work input.

Archimedes: ”GIVE ME A PLACE TO STAND AND I WILL MOVE THE EARTH”

  • http://www.math.nyu.edu/~crorres/Archimedes/Lever/leverBigCorners.gif

Lever

  • A simple machine consisting of a rigid bar pivoted on a fixed point and used to transmit force,
  •  as in raising or moving 
  • a weight at one end
  •  by pushing down on the other.

Mechanical Advantage

  • MA= Output Force(Weight of Object)
  • Input Force (Effort)
  • MA shows how much you are multiplying your effort force.

What is the trade off?

Ideal Mechanical Advantage

  • IMA= Effort Distance (din )
  • Output Distance (dout )
  • IMA is equal to MA in the absence of friction (ideal case).

IMA for a Lever

  • IMA= Effort Distance = Effort Arm
  • Output Distance Load Arm

Problem

  • Fulcrum
  • Load
  • Effort

Types of Levers

  • Type1
  • Type 2
  • Type 3

Incline Plane

  • http://www.edinformatics.com/math_science/simple_machines/Inclined_plane.gif
  • dIN
  • dOUT

Problem: Which has a greater IMA?

  • A
  • B

Problem: Find the IMA.

  • 10m
  • 5m

Pulleys

Pulleys

Single Fixed Pulley

  • Ideally:
  • Win=Wout
  • Findin= Foutdout
  • IMA= din /dout =1

Single Moveable Pulley

  • IMA= 2

Combination of Fixed and Moveable Pulleys

  • IMA= 2

IMA for Pulleys

  • The IMA of pulleys can quickly be found by counting the number of lifting strands.

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