- VARIETIES OF ENGLISH:
- Conversational Interaction
- Readings:
- Kachru & Smith, Ch. 8
Talk Shows from Around the World - Note the similarities and differences in such conversational features as turn-taking, back-channeling, simultaneous talk, gestures, eye-gaze, etc. among the talk shows in …
- Japanese
- Thai
- Mexican
- Philippino
- Vietnamese
- Chinese
The Structure of Conversation in Outer and Expanding Circle Contexts - Required Concepts
- Interactive acts – how the interaction is managed
- Speech acts – what is being conveyed or negotiated between participants
- Crosscultural Differences
Interactive Acts - Turn-taking: the pattern of conversation in which one person speaks, then another
- Normally in SAE one person speaks at a time
- End of talk is signaled by
- Intonation, expressions like ‘you know,’ gesture, lengthening of final syllable, stressed syllable, etc.
- Floor: the right to begin to talk
- Has some duration
- Is topic-related
- Specific devices to gain or hold the floow and to control the topic
- Backchanneling: cues that signal attention and encourage the speaker to continue
- Simultaneous Talk: talk by more than one person over an extended period
Crosscultural Differences - Turns - ‘Turn’ refers to the opportunity to assume the role of speaker and what is said by the speaker
- In some speech communities (e.g., Hindi, Japanese, Middle East, Eastern Europe) the one-speaker-at-a-time rule doesn’t apply
Crosscultural Differences – Floor - ‘Floor’ refers to the right to make a first statement during a conversation
- A: Did you hear the news?
- B: What?
- A: Bill is back in town!
- Who is/are controlling attention in conversation
- Who is/are controlling the topic of conversation
- Who is/are the central figure[s] in the conversation
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