PLAN - Present perfect.
- Present Perfect ishlatilishi.
PRESENT PERFECT - Present Perfect yasash uchun biz have va has yordamchi fe’lidan so’ng to’g’ri fe’lga ed qo’shamiz noto’g’ri felning 3 shaklini(Past Participle) ishlatamiz. He, she it ga biz has ishlatamiz
- Ega+have/has+P.P: Ann has lost her passport – Anna pasportini yo’qotdi
- Esda saqlang: noto’g’ri fellarning P.P ya’ni 3 shakli
- fe’lning oddiy shakli simple past(o’tgan zamon shakli) past participle(fe’lning 3 shakli)
- go went gone
- break broke broken
- see saw seen
- Present Perfectning bo‘lishsiz shakli have yoki has yordamchi fe’lidan keyin not inkor yuklamasini qo‘yish bilan yasaladi:
- Ega +have/has+not+P.P: Ann has not lost her passport – Anna pasportini yo’qotmadi
- I have not worked, he has not worked, we have not worked.
- 3. Present Perfectning so’roq shaklini have va has yordamchi fe’lini egadan oldinga qo’yish orqali yasaymiz Have/has+ ega+P.P: Has Ann lost her passport? – Anna pasportini yo’qotdimi?
- 1. Hozirgi tugallangan zamon (Present Perfect) o’tgan zamonda bajarib tugatilgan va natijasi hozirgi zamonda ko’rinib turgan ish-harakatga nisbatan ishlatiladi.
- I have bought a new house – Men yangi uy sotib oldim (Sotib olganlish ish-harakatim tugab bo’ldi, ammo uning natijasi – menda yangi uyning borligi vaqti hali tugagani yo’q, menda hali ham o’sha uy bor!).
- I have broken my pencil. – Men qalamimni sindirib qo’ydim(sindirish jarayoni allaqachon tugadi, lekin uning natijasi qalamni singani hozir ham mavjuda qalam hozir ham siniq.)
- He has cleaned his room – U xonasini tozaladi (Tozalash jarayoni, ish-harakati allaqachon nihoyasiga yetib bo’ldi, ammo uning natijasida kelib chiqqan xonaning tozaligi hozirda ham mavjud. Uning xonasi hozir ham toza).
- Izoh: Tepada ko’rgan misollarizda ish-harakat tugagan masalan yangi uy sotib olish tugadi. Siz sotib olib bo’ldingiz ammo o’sha ish-harakatni sodir qilgan natijasi tugamadi va hozirda ko’rnib turibdi. Uy sotib oldim deb Hozirgi tugallangan zamonda aytsangiz biz nimani tushunamiz: Biz hozirda sizda yangi uy borligini bilib olamiz. Hozirgi tugallangan zamonda ish-harakat tugagan lekin natijasi hozirda ko’rnib turadi.
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