Theme: the phonetikal status of monophongs and diphthongoids plan

ANDIJAN STATE INSTITUTE
OF FOREIGN LANGUAGES
4th year student of group 408

Orishev Sirojbek Umarovich

from PHONETICS

INDEPENDENT WORK

ANDIJAN-2023

THEME: THE PHONETIKAL STATUS OF MONOPHONGS AND DIPHTHONGOIDS

PLAN:

1. English Vowels: Pronunciation of Vowel Sounds in American English

2. Tricky Vowel Sounds

3. Monophthongs and Diphthongs

American English has sixteen vowel sounds—ten monophthongs and six diphthongs—but only six vowel letters. A monophthong is a single vowel sound. A diphthong is a vowel that glides between two other vowel sounds.

English Monophthongs

• 
  [i] high front unrounded {beat}
  
• 
  [ɪ] near-high near-front unrounded {bit}
  
• 
  [e] high-mid front unrounded*
  
• 
  [ɛ] low-mid front unrounded {bet}
  
• 
  [æ] near-low front unrounded {bat}
  
• 
  [ɨ] high central unrounded {just}
  
• 
  [ə]/[ʌ] mid-central {but}
  
• 
  [u] high back rounded {boot}
  
• 
  [ʊ] near-high near-back {book}
  
• 
  [o] high-mid back rounded*
  
• 
  [ɔ] low-mid back rounded {bought}
  
• 
  [ɑ] low back unrounded {bot}
  
• 
  *[e] and [o] are not pronounced as monophthongs in American English.
  

English Diphthongs

• 
  [iu] {cute}
  
• 
  [ɑi] {bite}
  
• 
  [ei] {bait}
  
• 
  [oʊ] {boat}
  
• 
  [oɪ] {boy}
  
• 
  [ɑʊ] {mouse}
  

Vowel Articulation
Vowel articulation refers to the place and manner of pronunciation. High, mid, and low refer to height of articulation, which describes the place in the mouth where the vowel is pronounced. High vowels are pronounced in the top of the mouth, mid vowels in the middle of the mouth, and low vowels in the bottom of the mouth.
Front, central, and back refer to frontness of articulation, which describes the part of the tongue used to pronounce the vowel. Front vowels are pronounced with the tip of the tongue, central vowels with the middle of the tongue, and back vowels with the part of the tongue closest to the throat.
Rounded and unrounded refer to the roundness of article, which describes the shape of the lips during the pronunciation of the vowel. Rounded vowels are pronounced with the lips pushed forward in an O shape and unrounded vowels with the lips pulled in and back.