= 161. 2*362 (075. 8) К211 ббк [81. 2-2 Англ + 81. 2-2 Укр] я 73

Ordinal numerals are formed from the cardinal ones by adding the suffix -th in English, and in Ukrainian - the adjectival endings --ий, -a, -e.
The first four ordinal numerals are created in the contrasted languages not according to general rules: the Ukrainian один -перший from the old base "пьрв" (with the old meaning "nepeduiu"), the English one -first bomfyrest (the form of the superlative degree of the old English fore meaning "the front"/перед). The numerals другий (compare два) and the second (compare two) are also formed from different stems, the latter is borrowed from the French language. The numerals mpemiu, четвертин and English third also have the changed base in comparison with the corresponding cardinal numerals три, чотири, three [5; 55-56].
2. Grammatical categories of numeral
The English numeral as a part of speech is characterized by the following features:

1. 
   its lexico-grammatical meaning of "number";
   
2. 
   such typical stem-building suffixes as -teen, -ty;
   

3) the category of numerical qualification represented in
opposemes like seven - seventh;

4. 
   its unilateral combinability with nouns {three children, the third child);
   
5. 
   its syntactic function as an attribute, less frequently as some other part of the sentence.
   

The lexico-grammatical meaning of "number" is not to be confused with the grammatical meaning of "number":

1. 
   The former is the generalization of a multitude of lexical meanings of individual numerals (five, ten, fifty seven, etc.). The latter is the generalization of only two grammatical meanings: "singular" and "plural".
   
2. 
   The plural number, as in boys, shows indefinite plurality, whereas the meanings of numerals, as in twenty, forty are definite plurality.
   

Numerals are usually divided into two groups, as it has been mentioned above, - cardinal numerals (one, five, twenty) and ordinal numerals (first, fifth, twentieth). The former denote some numerical quantity, the latter - some numerical order.
The difference between these two groups is sometimes exaggerated to such an extent that they are treated as belonging to different parts of speech. For instance, A.I. Smirnitsky is of the opinion that only cardinal numerals form a separate part of speech, whereas cardinal numerals are adjectives [24; 92-93].
In the opinion of B. Khaimovich and B. Rogovskaya, the pair ten - tenth forms an opposeme of the grammatical category of numerical qualification [24; 92-93].
The lexical meaning of the two words expressed by the lexical morpheme ten- is the same. They are opposed only grammatically by the opposition of the zero morpheme in ten and the -th morpheme in

96
97

_tenth. The opposition is as regular as that of the zero morpheme of the angular and the -(e)s morpheme of the pi_{uraL The meaning of me z}^ro morpheme is that of "numerical quantity", _{and the meaning of ще} __tfi morpheme is that of "numerical order".
In the opposemes one -first, two . _{secondi three} _ _{ты ±е} ^aanmg of numerical qualification is expressed by means of _si^ppletivity and sound interchange.
The words half, quarter, zero, nought, _SCore, etc. which have no _ofdmal opposites, but possess plural o_Pp_OSit_es are nouns not _ni>merals. The same in Ukrainian: words like одинщя, десяток _д1ржина, сотня, пара are the numeral nou_ns (_4HCJTOBi 1менники)
English and Ukrainian numerals are _{similar as to their lexico}. grammatical meanings, ways of stem-building, combinability and ^tactic functions, but they differ greatly r_{egarding their grammatical ca}fegones.
1) Unlike their English counterparts, Ukrainian numerals
_po^sess the categories of gender (mpemiu _ _mperm _ _mpeme^ _case
(mf^u ~ ^mP^bOX ~ ^mP^bOMl and number (перший - nepuii)