 Determination of the nature of a cause of a disease


Magnetic resonance imaging


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Magnetic resonance imaging
• This technique is based upon the inherent magnetic properties of 
certain nuclei
• The patient is placed 
in the strong magnetic field and the protons in 
the body are excited into a high energy state by application of a radio 
frequency pulse
• When the 
second field is stopped, the nuclei return to ground state and 
emit the absorbed energy in the form of a radio signal
• This signal is received by a coil that generally surrounds the specimen 
and converted to an anatomic image through a process of computer-
assisted reconstruction



MRI is the gold standard for 
imaging soft tissues and 
therefore use for examining 
tumors, trauma of the brain and 
spinal cords malformations
MRI is also helpful in examining 
the skeleton, including bone, 
tendons, ligaments, and joints
Magnetic Resonance Imaging 
(MRI or MR) is the most 
advanced diagnostic imaging tool
with non-invasive procedure for 
complete viewing of the body
Fig: Brain tumor in dog and cat


Advanced diagnostic methods are
• Cost relative
• Speed relative
• Higher sensitivity
• Accurate
But which is the best diagnostic method??
• Diagnostic lab should continually evaluate traditional and advanced 
technology in the light of cost, time, accuracy and sensitivity to get 
the best diagnostic results


References
• Maria N. Velasco-Garcia; Toby Mottram. Biosensor Technology addressing
Agricultural Problems. Biosystems Engineering (2003) 84 (1), 1–12

Belak S., Thoren P., Leblanc N. & Viljoen G .(2009).. Advances in viral 
disease diagnostic and molecular epidemiological techniquesExpert Rev. 
Mol. Diagn., 9 (4), 367–381
• Sophia M, Marisol Rubinstein-G, Anita K, Yevgeny E,Orly F, Ditza R, 
Yevgeny K, Yehuda S. Development of an assay to differentiate between 
virulent and vaccine strains of lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV). J 
Virological Methods 199 (2014) 95–101
• Fredricks, David N. and Relman, David A.Application of Polymerase 
Chain Reaction to the Diagnosis of Infectious Diseases.(1999). U.S. 
Department of Veterans Affairs Staff Publications. Paper 4
• Segales J, Ramos-Vara JA, Duran CO, et al. Diagnosing infectious diseases 
using in situ hybridization. Swine Health Prod. 1999;7(3):125–128.


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