1. She lived through the exciting era of women's liberation


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Example 1 
Someone once wrote that musicians are touched on the shoulder by 
God, and I think it’s true. You can make other people happy with music
but you can make yourself happy too. 
In John Berendt’s nonfiction novel Midnight in the Garden of Good and 
Evil, a character references what someone has once written by 
paraphrasing their message. 
 
Example 2 
I’m going to paraphrase Thoreau here… rather than love, than money, 
than faith, than fame, than fairness… give me truth. 
In this example from the nonfiction novel Into the Wild, Jon Krakauer 
paraphrases Thoreau’s larger message of transcendence. 
 
 
 
 


Example 3 
 
NEC’s critiques of new road-building schemes have been well received, 
but he expects that to change. 
In Michelle Nijhuis’ article “What Roads Have Wrought,” William 
Laurence is paraphrased rather than quoted to express his general 
viewpoint. 
 
Summary 
Like paraphrases, summaries are rewordings of original statements. 
Whereas paraphrases are precise and specific, summaries are brief and 
selective. Summaries report main points in a shortened version of the 
original, whereas paraphrases simply restate the original statement in a 
new way. Here is an example of summary versus paraphrase: 
Original Statement: 
At the party we had delicious red punch, a bunch of different appetizers, 
and a cookout. Since it was at the park, we played volleyball, went 
swimming, and sunbathed for fun. 
Summary: 
At the party we enjoyed food and drink and various outdoor activities. 
Here, the summary purposefully shortens the original statement while 
covering its major points. 
Paraphrase: 
At the party we drank some punch, ate a handful of appetizers, and had 
a cookout. The park allowed us to enjoy a number of enjoyable activities 
from volleyball to swimming to sunbathing. 
As this example shows, the paraphrase rephrases the original statement 
and keeps more of its original content than the summary. 


Translation 
Although paraphrase sometimes translates difficult phrasing into more 
understandable phrasing, it is not literally considered translation. For 
something to be a translation, it must change writing in one language 
to another language. Here is an example of translation versus 
paraphrasing: 

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