1 What is comparative typology and types of it?

VARIANT 10
1.Intonation in English language
2.Differences between phonetics and phonology
3.Vowel system of the English
4.Allomorphy in language
5.Morphological features in language
1. In English we have four kinds of intonation patterns: falling, raising, raising-falling, falling-rising.
2.Phonetics is the study of speech sounds as physical entities (their articulation, acoustic properties, and how they are perceived), and phonology is the study of the organization and function of speech sounds as part of the grammar of a language.
3. Vowels are normally made with the air stream that meets no obstruction
in the mouth, pharyngeal and nasal cavities. On the articulatory level in English the description of vowels notes changes: 1) in the stability of articulation 2) in the tongue position 3) in the lip postion 4) in their length
English vowels includes 20 phonemes and 6 vowel letters A, E, I, O and U.
4. In linguistics, an allomorph is a variant phonetic form of a morpheme, or, a unit of meaning that varies in sound and spelling without changing the meaning. The term allomorph describes the realization of phonological variations for a specific morpheme.
5. Morphology is the branch of linguistics (and one of the major components of grammar) that studies word structures, especially regarding morphemes, which are the smallest units of language. They can be base words or components that form words, such as affixes. The adjective form is morphological
Card 11
1.The notional part of speech 2.The structural part of speech 3.Reduction assimilation 4.Grammatical categories of the English language 5.the term”Cognitive science”
1. There are 6 notional parts of speech, 4 are the main ones: noun, verb, adjective, adverb. They cover 93% of the English lexicon. They fill all the main positions in the sentence. These words are very often called autonomous, autosemantic, content words means they possess an independent notional meaning.
2.There are eight parts of speech in the English language: noun, pronoun, verb, adjective, adverb, preposition, conjunction, and interjection. The part of speech indicates how the word functions in meaning as well as grammatically within the sentence.
3.Reduction-refers to various changes the acoustic quality of vowels,which are related to changes,in stress,sonority,duration,loudness,articulation or position. Assimilation-refers to the process through which individuals and groups of differing heritages acquire the basic habits, attitudes, and mode of life of an embracing culture.
4. Grammatical category refers to a set of specific syntactic properties of words that can cause those words and/or other related words to change in form for grammatical reasons (ensuring agreement between words). The various kinds of grammatical categories include the following: number, definiteness, tense and aspect, case, person, gender and mood.
5. Cognitive science is the study of how the mind works, functions, and behaves. As a scientific field of study, cognitive science requires applying multiple existing disciplines such as philosophy, neuroscience, or artifician intelligence in order to understand how the brain makes a decision or performs a task.