A. N. Elmurodov Respublika ta’lim markazi uslubchisi
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πππππr 2 formula boyicha hisoblanadi. Demak, doiraning yuzi to- moni shu doira radiusiga teng bolgan kvadrat yuzidan π marta katta ekan (145- rasm). 3- m a s a l a . Doiraning ra- diusi 1 sm ga teng. Uning yuzini toping. Y e c h i s h . S = πr 2 formu- laga kora, S = π · 1 2 = π (sm 2 ). J a v o b : S = π sm 2 . 4- m a s a l a . Doiraning yuzi 12,56 sm 2 ga teng. Uning ra- diusini toping. Y e c h i s h . S = πr 2 formulada, S = 12,56; π = 3,14 desak, 12,56 = 3,14· r 2 , bundan r 2 = 4. Qanday son oz-oziga kopayti- rilsa, 4chiqadi? r · r = 2 · 2, demak, r = 2 (sm). J a v o b : r = 2 sm. 1155. 1) Aylana deb nimaga aytamiz? Doira deb-chi? Ularning bir-biridan farqi nimada-yu, oxshashligi nimada? 2) Aylana uzunligi deganda nimani tushunasiz? U qanday formula boyicha hisoblanadi? Misollar keltiring. = π · O r S r 2 145 ? 224 3) Doira yuzini hisoblash formulasini bilasizmi? 4) Aylana uzunligining diametrga nisbati nimaga teng? π harfi nimani bildiradi? 1156. Radiusi: 1) 0,5 sm; 2) 5 dm; 3) 20 sm; 4) 0,4 m; 5) 40 mm bolgan aylananing uzunligini toping. 1157. Diametri: 1) 4 dm; 2) 50 sm; 3) 0,01 m; 4) 100 sm; 5) 200 mm bolgan aylananing uzunligini toping. 1158. Uzunligi: 1) 31,4 sm ga; 2) 56,52 dm ga; 3) 0,628 m ga; 4) 2,512 m ga teng bolgan aylananing diametri nechaga teng? 1159. Aylana radiusi 3 dm ga orttirildi. Shu aylana uzunligi qanchaga ortadi? 1160. Diametri 2,4 dm ga teng bolgan gildirak 144,72 m ma- sofada necha marta aylanadi? 1161. Gildirak 2 763,2 m masofada 440 marta aylandi. Shu gil- dirakning radiusi necha metr? 1162. Radiusi: 1) 5,5 sm ga; 2) 10,8 dm ga; 3) 15,2 dm ga teng bolgan doiraning yuzini toping. Natijani yuzdan birlar xonasigacha yaxlitlang. 1163. Diametri: 1) 3,6 dm; 2) 19,4 m ga teng bolgan doiraning yuzini toping. Natijani birlar xonasigacha yaxlitlang. 1164. 1) Diametri 26 sm bolgan basketbol topi uzunligi 81 sm bolgan simdan yasalgan halqadan otadimi? 2) Uzunligi 85 sm bolgan simdan yasalgan halqadan-chi? 1165. Doiraning radiusi 1,2 marta ortsa, uning yuzi qanchaga ortadi? 1166. Doiraning yuzi: 1) 36π sm 2 ga; 2) 16π dm 2 ga; 3) 81π dm 2 ga teng. Shu doira aylanasining uzunligi qancha? 1167. Kvadratning tomoni 4sm ga teng (146- rasm). Boyal- gan yuzlarni toping va na- tijalarni taqqoslang. Xulosa chiqaring. 1168. Yuzi 50,24 sm 2 ga teng bolgan doira aylanasining uzunligi necha detsimetr? Natijani ondan birlar xo- nasigacha yaxlitlang. A D B C O 146 225 1169. Katta doiraning (147- rasm) ra- diusi 1,3 dm ga, boyalgan yuz esa 1,44π dm 2 ga teng. Kichik doiraning radiusini toping. 1170. Gildirakning diametri 68 sm ga teng. U 100 marta aylanganda qancha metrni bosib otadi? 1171. a) Radiusi: 1) 3,6 sm ga; 2) 24dm ga teng bolgan ayla- naning uzunligini toping. Natijani birlar xonasigacha yaxlitlang. b) Diametri: 1) 5,8 dm ga; 2) 42 sm ga teng bolgan ayla- naning uzunligini toping. Natijani birlar xonasigacha yax- litlang. 1172. Yuzi: 1) 25π dm 2 ga; 2) 314 sm 2 ga teng bolgan doira ay- lanasining uzunligi qancha? 1173. Doiraning yuzi 314 sm 2 ga teng. Doira diametrini toping. 1. Teng tomonli uchburchakning perimetri 28,8 sm ga teng. Uning tomoni uzunligini toping. A) 9,6 sm; B) 9,16 sm; D) 8,6 sm; E) 9,06 sm. 2. Uchburchakning perimetri 27,8 sm ga teng. Uning bir tomo- ni ikkinchisidan 3,5 sm qisqa, uchinchisidan esa 2,7 sm uzun. Shu uchburchakning uzun tomoni necha santimetr? A) 18,8 sm; B) 11,7 sm; D) 15,3 sm; E) 12,5 sm. 3. Aylananing uzunligi 25,12 sm ga teng. Shu aylana radiusini toping. A) 6,28 sm; B) 3,5 sm; D) 4 sm; E) 4,6 sm. 4. Radiusi 3 sm bolgan doira yuzini toping ( !,14 π ≈ deb oling). A) 28,026 sm 2 ; D) 21,126 sm 2 ; B) 28,36 sm 2 ; E) 27,26 sm 2 . O R r 147 I n g l i z t i l i n i o r g a n a m i z ! uchburchak triangle aylana circle to'rtburchak rectangle trapetsiya trapezoid kvadrat square yuza area Ozingizni sinab koring! TEST 10 15 Matematika, 6 226 T a r i x i y m a l u m o t l a r π sonining amaliyotdagi ahamiyatini olimlar darhol payqaganlar va uni katta aniqlik bilan hi- soblashga intilganlar. Buni quyidagi jadvaldan bilib olish mumkin: Olimning Mamlakat- πππππ ning taqribiy Verguldan nomi Asr ning hozirgi qiymati keyingi nechta nomi raqam aniq Arximed Miloddan Yunoniston 3,14285; avvalgi III 3,14084 2 Vitruviy Miloddan Yunoniston 3,12500 1 avvalgi I Ptolemey Milodiy II Yunoniston 3,14166 3 Djan-Yen II Xitoy 3,16214 1 Ariabxatta V Hindiston 3,14159 5 Si-chun V Xitoy 3,14160 3 Braxmagupta VII Hindiston 3,14234; 3,1428 2 Muhammad 3,14285; Muso VIII Ozbekiston 3,14160 3 al-Xorazmiy 22 62832 7 20000 ; Abu Nasr IX Ozbekiston 3,14285; Forobiy 3,14084 2 Leonardo XIII Italiya 3,14183 3 da Vinchi Bxaskara XII Hindiston 3,14160 3 Giyosiddin Jamshid XV Ozbekiston 3,14159265358979325... 17 al-Koshiy Fransua Viyet XVI Fransiya 3,1415926535 10 π ni aniqroq hisoblash borasida eng yaxshi natijani birinchi bolib Ulugbek rasadxonasining yetakchi olimlaridan biri Al-Koshiy olganligidan doimo faxrlanamiz. 227 Yakuniy takrorlash 1. Sonlarning bolinish belgilari 1174. Bir son ikkinchisidan 9 ta ortiq, uchinchisidan esa 6 ta kam. Bu uchta sonning yigindisini 3 ga bolganda bo- linma 20 ga teng boladi. Shu sonlarni toping. 1175. Yulduzcha (∗) orniga shunday raqam qoyingki, natijada hosil bolgan son 3 ga bolinsin: 1) 3∗8; 2) ∗10; 3) 17∗; 4) 4 ∗25. 1176. 1) 1 dan 600 gacha sonlar ichida 9 ga bolinadigan sonlar nechta? 2) 3 ga bolinadigan sonlar-chi? 1177. Yulduzcha orniga shunday raqam qoyingki, natijada hosil bolgan son 9 ga bolinsin: 1) 283 + 1∗3; 2) ∗01 + 10∗; 3) 2 013 ∗25. 1178. Qosh tengsizlikning tub yechimlarini toping: 1) 1 ≤ x ≤ 32; 2) 31 ≤ x ≤ 47; 3) 101 ≤ x < 114. 1179. Yulduzchalar orniga shunday raqamlar qoyingki, 2 408 + 4 ∗2∗ yigindi; 9∗4∗ 2017 ayirma 9 ga bolinsin. 2. Har xil maxrajli kasrlarni qoshish va ayirish 1180. Hisoblang: 1) EKUB (372, 168); 3) EKUB (840, 720); 2) EKUK (816, 51); 4) EKUK (24, 25). 1181. Hisoblang: 1) "' # & $ ! + + ; 2) % " ' " # "# + + . 1182. Tenglamani yeching: 1) ( ) ! % # $ # N − + = ; 2) ( ) ! % ' " $ $ N − + = . 1183. Kvadratning tomoni " # dm bolib, u togri tortburchak- ning enidan # dm uzun, boyidan ! " dm qisqa. Togri tortburchakning perimetri kvadratning perimetridan qan- cha ortiq? 1184. AB kesmani C nuqta ikkita qismga ajratadi: " +* = m, AC esa CB dan # m uzun. AB kesmaning uzunligini toping. 228 1185. Qulay usul bilan hisoblang: 1) & ! ' "% " "% # & − + ; 2) $ & $ !% ' !% ! % 4 + − . 1186. Oylangan songa 7 12 15 qoshilsa, 7 2" 16 va 13 15 10 sonlar yi- gindisiga teng son hosil boladi. Oylangan sonni toping. 3. Oddiy kasrlarni kopaytirish va bolish 1187. Amallarni bajaring: 1) 2 3 4 7 # 3 9 4 2 ⋅ − ⋅ ; 2) # 7 4 2 7 7 7 2,4 3 : 1 ⋅ ⋅ − . 1188. Qulay usul bilan hisoblang: 1) 5 15 5 15 7 37 7 37 39 3 2 3 ⋅ − ⋅ ; 2) ⋅ + ⋅ 5 13 4 13 9 28 9 28 2 1 4 1 . 1189. Songa uning 4 5 qismi qoshilsa, 90 hosil boldi. Shu sonni toping. 1190. Mototsiklchi soatiga 60 km tezlik bilan 2 soat-u 45 minut yurdi. Songra soatiga 50 km tezlik bilan 3 soat-u 36 minut yol yurdi. Mototsiklchi jami necha kilometr yol yurgan? 1191. Amallarni bajaring: 1) + − 3 2# 1 1 11 36 6 30 3 : 18 100 : # : 1 ; 2) 3 21 17 1 1 # 2# 20 17 #1 12 : : 1,19 3 : 1 − + . 1192. Togri tortburchakning yuzi 4 # 20 m 2 ga, asosi esa 1 2 6 m ga teng. Shu togri tortburchakning balandligini toping. 4. Nisbat va proporsiya 1193. Kasr sonlar nisbatini butun sonlar nisbatiga almashtiring: 1) 3,25 : 9,75; 2) 2 # 17 3 12 18 : : ; 3) 1 4 9 9 2 : 8 . 1194. Nisbatning nomalum hadini toping: 1) x : 1,2 = 2,5; 2) 1,8 : x = 1,5; 3) 3 1 7 20 : 11 1 N = . 1195. Nisbatlardan proporsiya tuzish mumkinmi: 1) 1,5 : 7,5 va 1 3 7 7 1 : 3 ; 2) 4 : 1 va 10 : 2,5? 229 1196. Proporsiyaning asosiy xossasidan foydalanib tenglamani yeching: 1) 3 4 22 28 7 N + = ; 2) 1 3 1 7 28 3 2 : 3 : 1,5 N = ; 3) 3 7 2 1 4 1 N N − − = . 1197. Bir son ikkinchisidan 102 ga katta. Bu sonlar nisbati 9,3 : 0,8 ga teng. Shu sonlarni toping. 1198. Guruchda 75 %, arpada esa 60 % kraxmal bor. 5 kg gu- ruchdan chiqadigan kraxmal necha kilogramm arpadan chiqadigan kraxmalga (massasi boyicha) teng boladi? 1199. Yuzi 20 gektar bolgan ekin maydonining olchamlari 50 sm ga 40 sm li togri tortburchak shaklidagi tarhini chizish uchun masshtabni qanday tanlash kerak? 1200. Proporsiyaning nomalum hadini toping: 1) x : 8 = 4 : 2; 3) 2 1 1 7 7 9 2 : 1 : 2 N = ; 2) 7,8 : x = 7,2 : 1,2; 4) 5 : 4 = 2,5 : x. 1201. 10, 27, 15 sonlari uchligiga shunday bir tortinchi sonni topingki, natijada bu sonlar proporsiya hosil qilsin. Masala nechta yechimga ega? 1202. A va B shaharlar orasidagi masofa 180 km. Bu masofa yengil mashinada 2 soatda, yuk mashinasida esa 3 soatda bosib otiladi. A dan B ga qarab yuk mashinasi yolga chiqdi. Xuddi shu vaqtda B dan A ga qarab yengil mashi- na yolga chiqdi. Ular A shahardan necha kilometr narida uchrashadilar? 1203. Proporsiyaning asosiy xossasidan foydalanib tenglamani yeching: 1) 2 1 3 1 6 4 N N + − = ; 2) 4 1 7 7 : 2,5 8 : 2 N = ; 3) − + = 10,# #1 3,6 1,8 N N . 5. Musbat va manfiy sonlar. Musbat va manfiy sonlarni qoshish va ayirish 1204. Koordinata oqida A(2) nuqta berilgan bolib, u oq boy- lab siljitilgandan keyin B(3) nuqtaga otdi. B nuqta necha birlik va qaysi tomonga siljitilgan? 1205. Hisoblang: 1) 2 1 3 2 2,8 3,5 2 1 − ⋅ − ⋅ − ⋅ − ; 2) 9 1 3 31 3 4 3,1 1 1 − ⋅ − − ⋅ − . 230 1206. Tenglamani yeching: 1) | x | = 1; 2) | x | = 1,5; 3) | 3 x | = 3. 1207. Hisoblang: 1) 125 + ((−125) + 25); 4) 3,71 + ((−2,71) + 9); 2) 149 − (126 − (−70)); 5) 143 + (−176) + 166; 3) −202 + ((−38) + 102); 6) 43,1 − (7,8 − (−23,1)). 1208. Son oqida koordinatasi bilan berilgan ikki nuqta orasi- dagi masofani toping. Mos rasmlar chizing: 1) A(−1), B(3); 3) C(−4), D(−1); 5) E(−2), O(0); 2) F(2,5), G(4,5); 4) K(−1), L(2); 6) P(−5), Q(1). 1209. Tenglamani yeching: 1) 10 + x = −20 + (−5); 3) −16 − x = 32 − (−12); 2) −12 + x = −11 − (−10); 4) x + (−18) = −29 − (−19). 1210. Hisoblang: 1) −29 − (−21); 3) −(−8 − 14) − (−18 + 32); 2) −(−7,9) − 8,6; 4) ( ) ( ) 1 2 2 2 3 3 7 7 2 1 3 1 − − − − − . 1211. Yulduzcha (∗) orniga mos sonlar qoying: 1) −28 + (−22) + ∗ = −55 − 3; 2) ∗ − 32 − (−38) = −29 − (−21); 3) −78 − (−22) − ∗ = −(−63) − 96. 6. Musbat va manfiy sonlarni kopaytirish va bolish 1212. Darajaning ishorasini aniqlang: 1) (−1) 1 ; 3) (−1) 2 ; 5) (−1) 2 013 ; 2) (−1) 3 ; 4) (−1) 4 ; 6) (−1) 2 014 . 1213. Guruhlash qonunidan foydalanib hisoblang: 1) 2,5 ⋅ 3 ⋅ (−8); 4) ( ) # 9 9 23 2 27 − ⋅ ⋅ ; 2) (−25) ⋅ 17 ⋅ (−0,4); 5) ⋅ ⋅ − 14 15 0,125 3 ( 8); 3) 4 7 7 25 3 ( 18) ⋅ − ⋅ ; 6) ( ) 1 11 4 ( 5,5) 2. − ⋅ − ⋅ 1214. Umumiy kopaytuvchini qavsdan tashqariga chiqaring va hisoblang: 1) −122 ⋅ 83 − 61 ⋅ 46 − (−6) ⋅ 122; 2) −136 ⋅ 57 − 68 ⋅ 36 − 50 ⋅ 68. 231 1215. Tenglamani yeching: 1) (12 + x) : (−3) = (−7) : 3,5; 3) 7 2 4 3 N N − − − = ; 2) (x − 9) : (−1,8) = (−2,5) : (−0,5); 4) 8 20 3 4 N N − + = . 1216. Ifodaning qiymatini toping: 1) (−14,4) ⋅ (−2) : (−3,6) ⋅ (−1); 2) (−33,6) : 2,8 ⋅ (−3,5) : (−7); 3) 42,5 : (−5) : (−17) ⋅ (−24); 4) 6 3 7 7 8 : 4 − ⋅ (−2,8) : (−0,7). 1217. Tenglamani yeching: 1) (−24) ⋅ x = 480; 3) 2,5x = −17,5; 5) 28,9 : (−x) = 17; 2) 2 1 9 9 2 1 N ⋅ = ; 4) −x : 1,2 = 1,3; 6) ( ) 1 3 3 4 : 1 N − − = . 1218. Umida bir son oyladi. Uni (−5) ga kopaytirib, javobni 9 ga boldi. Bolinmadan 80 ni ayirib, natijani (−11) ga boldi. Hosil bolgan sonning 80 % iga (−50) ni qoshgandi, (−46) chiqdi. Umida qanday sonni oylagan ekan? 7. Tenglamalarni yechish 1219. 1) Tenglamaning ildizi nima? Tenglama ildizga ega bo- lishi shartmi? Misollar keltiring. 2) Tenglamaning asosiy xossalarini ayting va misollarda tushuntiring. 1220. Nomalum x qatnashgan hadlarni tenglamaning chap qis- miga, malum (ozod) hadlarni esa ong qismiga otkazib, ifodani soddalashtiring va hosil bolgan tenglamani yeching: 1) 2,7x − 2,8 = 4,2 − 4,3x; 3) −5,3x + 4,5 = 4,7x − 5,5; 2) 4 7 1 N − 4,9 = 11,1 − 3 7 6 N ; 4) 0,25x + 2 3 4 = 1,75x + 2 3 2 . 1221. 1) Beshta ketma-ket kelgan toq natural sonlar yigindisi 9 975 ga teng. Shu sonlarni toping. 2) Beshta ketma-ket kelgan juft natural sonlar yigindisi 10 080 ga teng. Shu sonlarni toping. 1222. Beshta sonning orta arifmetik qiymati (−3,2) ga teng. Shu 5 ta songa yana bir x son qoshib, orta arifmetik qiy- mat hisoblangan edi, u: 1) 2,4 ga; 2) 2 3 8 ga; 3) −3 ga teng chiqdi. x ni toping. 232 1223. Tijoratchida 110 kg mahsulot bor edi. Agar u 1 kg mah- sulotni 4 000 somdan sotsa, 120 000 som zarar koradi. Tijoratchi hamma molini sotib, 100 000 som foyda kor- di. U mahsulotning bir kilogramini necha somdan sotgan? 1224. Bir fermerning ekin maydoni ikkinchisinikiga qaraganda 20 % kop. Ammo hosildorlik ikkinchi fermerda birinchi- sinikiga qaraganda 25 % kop. Qaysi fermer va necha foiz ortiq hosil yigib oladi? 1225. Tortta sonning yigindisi 3 888 ga teng. Bu sonlarning nisbati 4 : 3 : 5 : 6 kabi. Shu sonlarni toping. 1226. 576 m masofada aravaning orqa gildiragi oldingisiga qaraganda 60 ta kam aylanadi. Oldingi gildirak aylanasi 3,2 m bolsa, orqa gildirak aylanasi uzunligini toping. 1227. Tenglamani yeching: 1) (7x + 3) − (5x − 7) = (2x − 5) − (3x − 6); 2) 3(2x − 3) + 4(2 − 5x) = 7(2 − 3x) − 2(3x − 1); 3) ( ) ( ) 5 4 1 1 8 5 3 3 1,6 0,75 1 5 3 N N N ⋅ − + ⋅ + = − ; 4) ( ) ( ) ( ) 1 7 3 7 15 2 3,5 4 3 1 2 1,4 N N N ⋅ − − ⋅ + = ⋅ − . 1228. Ikkita sonning biri ikkinchisidan 11 ta ortiq. Katta sonning 30 % i kichik sonning 40 % idan 0,8 ga kop. Shu sonlarni toping. 1229. Uchta shkafda 376 ta kitob bor. Birinchi shkafda ikkin- chisiga qaraganda 12 ta kam, ammo uchinchisiga qara- ganda 17 ta kop kitob bor. Har bir shkafda nechtadan kitob bor? 1230. Proporsiyaning asosiy xossasidan foydalanib tenglamani yeching: 1) − − = 4 7 13 1 4 N N ; 3) 1 1 2 2 N N + + = ; 5) 2 3 3 5 5 N N + − = ; 2) 1 5 3 4 N N + − = ; 4) 3 5 1 3 N N + + = ; 6) 3 1 1 2 N N − + = . 1231. Avtobusning tezligi yengil mashina tezligidan 20 km/soat kam. Malum bir masofani yengil mashina 5 soatda, avtobus 7 soatda otadi. Avtobus va yengil mashinaning tezligini toping. 1232. Tijoratchi mahsulotning 1 kg ini 16 500 somdan sotsa, 81 400 som zarar koradi. Agar 1 kg ini 19 800 somdan 233 sotsa, 162 800 som foyda qiladi. Tijoratchida necha kilo- gramm mahsulot bor? 1233. Ketma-ket kelgan uchta butun son yigindisi (−387) ga teng. Shu sonlarni toping. 1234. Uchburchakning perimetri 61 sm. Uning bir tomoni ikkin- chisidan 3 sm qisqa, uchinchisidan esa 5 sm uzun. Shu uchburchakning tomonlarini toping. 8. Malumotlar 1235. 3, 5, 6 va 9 raqamlaridan ularni takrorlamasdan mumkin bolgan barcha tort xonali sonlarni tuzing. Bu sonlarning ichidan nechtasi: 1) 4 ga bolinadi; 2) 5 raqami bilan boshlanadi; 3) 9 raqami bilan tugaydi; 4) nechta holda toq raqamlar yonma-yon turadi? 1236. Mamura basketbol toriga 30 marta otilgan topdan 20 tasini, Manzura esa 28 marta otilgan topdan 18 tasini tushirdi. Qizlardan qaysi biri merganroq? 9. Geometrik material 1237. Uchburchakning bir burchagi 30° ga teng. Ikkinchi bur- chagi esa bundan 3 marta katta. Shu uchburchakning uchinchi burchagini toping. Bu uchburchak qanday uch- burchak boladi? 1238. Uchburchak tomonlari uzunliklari 6, 8, 10 sonlariga proporsional, perimetri esa 72 sm ga teng. Uchburchak Download 4.24 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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