Accounting for Managers
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Accounting for Managers
Balanced Scorecard
By now, who among us has not participated in writing a mission or vision statement for some organization? Done well, it is a bracing and clarifying motivation to action. Done poorly, as too often happens, you just spend precious hours of your life locked in a room with people in love with the sound of their own voices. The balanced scorecard (BSC) concept, developed by Robert Kaplan, Harvard accounting professor, and David Norton, consulting company president, takes the all-encom- passing approach to developing management strategy and turning it into action. BSC builds on some key concepts of pre- vious management ideas such as Total Quality Management (TQM), including customer-defined quality, continuous improve- ment, employee empowerment, and measurement-based man- agement and feedback. The traditional general ledger system is modified to accommodate these new concerns. BSC uses feedback—“What’s the direct labor cost?”—from internal business process outputs, as in TQM and traditional cost accounting. BSC’s major innovation is to add a feedback loop around the outcomes of business strategies. This double- loop feedback process gives managers far greater insight into the effect of their decisions. Suddenly, having the lowest direct labor cost may not be the defining factor if other performance measures are strong. Webster08.qxd 8/29/2003 5:52 PM Page 150 The top managers start to build a BSC from the company’s vision and strategies. This is the vision statement portion of BSC. Then, they lay out key success factors. These are the pri- orities of the strategic plan. Since you can’t improve what you can’t measure, performance metrics must be developed based on these priorities. Processes are then designed to collect infor- mation relevant to these metrics and reduce it to numerical form for storage, display, and analysis. This integration of met- rics with vision is a primary feature of BSC. BSC’s next innovation is to force management to evaluate the company from four perspectives: • innovation/learning • customer • business processes • financial This step away from relying solely on financial measure- ments helps establish throughout the company a common Download 3.03 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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