Adverb (ravish)

ADVERB (RAVISH)

RAVISH
Ravish
Ravish
1.
4.
2.
3.
RAVISH SHAKLLARI
1. Ravishlar shakliga ko‘ra ikki guruhga: sodda va yasama Ravishlar ga
bo‘linadi.
Sodda ravishlar: here shu yerda, bu yerga, there u yerga, o‘sha yoqda, now
hozir, endi, almost qariyb, deyarli, soon yaqinda, tez orada va boshqalar.
Yasama ravishlar guruhiga sifatga -ly qo‘simchasini qo‘shish bilan yasalgan
ravishlar kiradi: easily osonlik bilan, quietly bemalol, slowly sekin, asta va boshq

RAVISH DARAJALARI

• RAVISH DARAJALARI
• 1. Ko‘pgina ravishlarning, ayniqsa holat ravishlarining darajalari sifatlarning darajalariga o‘xshaydi.
• 2. Bir, ikki bo‘g‘inli sodda ravishlarning qiyosiy darajasi –er qo‘shimchasini qo‘shish bilan, orttirma darajasi esa -est qo‘shimchasini qo‘shish bilan yasaladi:

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
Fast tez hard qattiq late kech soon tezda early erta	faster tezroq harder qattiqroq later kechroq sooner tezroq earlier ertaroq	fastest eng tez hardest eng qattiq latest eng kech soonest eng tez earliest eng erta

3. Sifatga -ly qo‘shimchasi qo‘shib yasalgan ravishlarning qiyosiy

• 3. Sifatga -ly qo‘shimchasi qo‘shib yasalgan ravishlarning qiyosiy
• darajasi uning oldiga more, orttirma darajasi esa oldiga most qo‘yish bilan
• yasaladi:

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
Clearly aniq Bravely jasurona Correctly to’g’ri Cautiously ehtiyotkona	More clearly aniqroq More bravely jasurroq More correctly to’g’riroq More cautiously ehtiyotkorroq	Most clearly eng aniq Most bravely eng jasurona Most correctly eng to’g’ri Most cautiously eng ehtiyotkorona

4. Often tez-tez, quickly tez, slowly sekin ravishlarining darajalari har

• 4. Often tez-tez, quickly tez, slowly sekin ravishlarining darajalari har
• ikkala yo‘l bilan yasaladi:

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
often tez-tez { quickly tez { slowly sekin {	oftener more often quicker more quick slower more slow	oftenest most often quickest most quickly slowest most slowly

Quyidagi ravishlarning darajalari ular yasalgan sifatlarga o‘xshab qoidaga

• Quyidagi ravishlarning darajalari ular yasalgan sifatlarga o‘xshab qoidaga
• bo‘ysunmasdan yasaladi

Oddiy daraja	Qiyosiy daraja	Orttirma daraja
well yaxshi badly yomon much ko‘p little oz far uzoq {	better yaxshiroq worse yomonroq more ko‘proq less ozroq farther } further uzoqroq	best eng yaxshi worst eng yomon most eng ko‘p least eng oz farthest } eng uzoq furthest

RAVISHLARNING GAPDAGI O‘RNI

• RAVISHLARNING GAPDAGI O‘RNI
• 1. Gapdagi fe’l o‘timsiz bo‘lsa, holat ravishi fe’ldan keyin keladi:
• He walked slowly. U sekin yurdi.
• 2. Gapdagi fe’l o‘timli bo‘lsa, ravish fe’ldan oldin yoki fe’ldan keyin
• kelishi mumkin. U fe’l bilan to‘ldiruvchining o‘rtasida kelishi mumkin emas:
• He answered the question calmly.
• He calmly answered the question }U savolga bosiqlik bilan javob berdi.
• 3. Noaniq zamon ravishlari — always, often, seldom, ever, never, just,
• already, yet, usually, generally, sometimes, still, soon, once va boshqalar
• fe’ldan oldin ishlatiladi:
• He always comes early. U har doim erta keladi.
• Agar fe’l have+ to + V shaklida ifodalangan bo‘lsa, yuqoridagi ravish lar
• havedan oldin ishlatiladi:
• I often have to go there. Menga ko‘pincha u yerga bori shim ga to‘g‘ri keladi.
• Agar fe’l used + to + V shaklida ifodalangan bo‘lsa, yuqoridagi ra vishlar
• useddan oldin ishlatiladi:
• You always used to agree. Siz har doim men bilan kelishar edingiz

Yet ravishi hali ma’nosida not yuklamasidan keyin yoki fe’ldan ke yin,

• Yet ravishi hali ma’nosida not yuklamasidan keyin yoki fe’ldan ke yin,
• agar to‘ldiruvchi bo‘lsa, to‘ldiruvchidan keyin ishlatiladi:
• I have not yet read the letter
• Sometimes ravishi gapning boshida, oxirida yoki fe’ldan oldin keladi:
• I sometimes go there.
• Sometimes I go there.
• I go there sometimes. }Men ba’zan u yerga boraman.
• Tomorrow, today, yesterday ravishlari gapning boshida yoki oxirida keladi:
• Tomorrow I shall go there. Ertaga men u yerga boraman.
• Before oldin, ilgari, lately yaqinda, keyingi paytlarda va recently yaqinda,
• so‘nggi kunlarda ravishlari odatda gapning oxirida ishlatiladi:
• I have seen this fi lm before. Men bu fi lmni oldin ko‘rganman.
• Agar gapning oxirida o‘rin ravishi bilan payt ravishi kelsa, o‘rin ravi shi
• payt ravishidan oldin keladi:
• I met him there yesterday. Men uni u yerda kecha ko‘rdim.