Al-Ghaza¯lı¯’s Philosophical


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Hillenbrand, “Islamic Orthodoxy or Realpolitik?” 92; and Huma¯  7ı¯’s introduction to his 

edition of  Nas.ı¯h.at al-mulu¯k ,  65–80. 

3 6 0  


not e s   to   page s   2 8 6 – 3 6 6

 Bibliography 

 

works by al-ghaz



a

¯ l


I

¯ 

 Though trying to be comprehensive, the following list of al-



Ghaza¯lı¯’s works can only be a guide, aiming to point the reader to his 

most relevant texts in the most reliable editions. In their respective 

catalogues of manuscripts preserved in the libraries of Turkey, Ali 

Riza Karabulut (3:1370–77) and Ramazan ¸

Se¸

S

en (633–39) list works 



ascribed to al-Ghaza¯lı¯ that were not available to me and thus do 

not appear in this list. Some of these works, such as the  Tah.s.ı¯n 



al-ma 7a¯khiz.  (MS Istanbul, Topkapı Serayı Müzesi Kütüphanesi, 

Ahmet III 1099; Karatay #4451), a mid-size book on the substantive 

rulings  (     furu

¯ ¶  ) of Islamic law, seem to be quite signifi cant. 

 If a text reference in the notes of this book is followed by more 

than one page reference (usually divided by a slash), such as al-

Ghaza¯lı¯,  Fays.al al-tafriqa , 187/47, the numbers refer to the pages in 

the edition that is fi rst mentioned in this list followed by the one 

mentioned second. For a more precise identifi cation of the works that 

are cited in more than one edition see p. 17 of this book. 

 Texts of al-Ghaza¯lı¯ are in Arabic unless noted otherwise. Modern 

translations of works by al-Ghaza¯lı¯ are referred to under the name of 

the translator in the section on works by other authors. 

 

on theology, philosophy, ethics, and their methods 



 Al-Ghaza¯lı¯.  Al-Adab fı¯ l-dı¯n . In idem.  Jawa¯hir al-ghawa¯lı¯ min rasa¯ 7il al-Ima¯m 

H

. ujjat al-Isla¯m al-Ghaza¯lı¯ . Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. Cairo: 

Mat.ba ¶at al-Sa ¶a¯da, 1353/1934. 41–58. 

 ———.   Kita¯b al-Arba ı¯n fı¯ us.u¯l al-dı¯n . Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. 

Cairo: al-Mat.ba ¶a al- ¶Arabiyya, 1344 [1925]. 



3 6 2   b i bl io g r a ph y

 ———.   Al-Arba ı¯n fı¯ us.u¯l al-dı¯n . Edited by Muh.ammad M. Ja¯bir. Cairo: Maktabat al-

Jundı¯, n.d. [1964]. 

 ———.   Ay farzand  (in Persian). In  Maka¯tı¯b-i fa¯risı¯-yi Ghazza¯lı¯ be-na¯m-i Faz



.

a¯ 7il al-ana¯m 

min rasa¯ 7il H

. ujjat al-Isla¯m.  Edited by  ¶Abba¯s Iqba¯l A

¯ shtiya¯nı¯. Tehran: Kita¯bfuru¯sh-i 

Ibn Sı¯na¯, 1333 [1954]. 91–112. 

 ———.   Ayyuha¯ l-walad  =  Lettre au disciple (Ayyuha¯   ‘ l-walad) . Edition and French 

translation by Toufi c Sabbagh. 2nd ed. Beirut: Commission internationale pour la 

traduction des chefs-d’œuvre, 1959. 

 ———.   Ayyuha¯ l-walad . MS Berlin, Orientabteilung der Staatsbibliothek Preussischer 

Kulturbesitz, Sprenger 1968, foll. 51b–60a. 

 ———.   Bida¯yat al-hida¯ya wa-tahdhı¯b al-nufu

¯s bi-l-a¯da¯b al-shar iyya . Edited by Muh.ammad 

Sa ¶u


¯d Ma ¶ı¯nı¯. Baghdad: Sa¯ ¶adat Ja¯mi ¶at Baghda¯d, 1988. 

 ———.   Bida¯yat al-hida¯ya.  MS Princeton, University Library, Yahuda 459. foll. 1a–23a. 

 ———.   Al-Durra al-fa¯khira fı¯ kashf  ¶ulu

¯m al-a¯khira  =  Ad-Dourra al-Fkhira. La Perle 

Precieuse de Ghaza

ˆliˆ. Traité d ’ eschatologie musulmane publié d ’ après les manuscits de 



Leipzig, de Berlin, de Paris et d ’ Oxford et une lithographie orientale (. . .) . Edited by 

Lucien Gauthier. Geneva/Basle/Lyon: H. Georg, 1878. 

 ———.   Fad.a¯ 7i.h al-ba¯t.iniyya wa-fad.a¯ 7il al-Mustaz.hiriyya . Edited by  ¶Abd al-Rah.ma¯n 

Badawı¯. Cairo: Da¯r al-Qawmiyya, 1383/1964. 

 ———.   Fays.al al-tafriqa bayna l-Isla¯m wa-l-zandaqa.  Edited by Sulayma¯n Dunya¯. Cairo: 

 ¶I¯sa¯ al-Ba¯bı¯ al-H

. alabı¯, 1381/1961. 

 ———.   Fays.al al-tafriqa bayna l-Isla¯m wa-l-zandaqa.  Edited by Mah.mu¯d Bı¯ju¯. Damascus: 

Mah.mu¯d Bı¯ju¯, 1413/1993. 

 ———.   [Fays.al] al-Tafriqa bayna l-Isla¯m wa-l-zandaqa . MS Istanbul, Süleymaniye 

Kütüphanesi, ¸

Sehit Ali Pa¸

S

a 1712, foll. 57a–70b. 



 ———.   H

. ima¯qat-i ahl-i iba¯.h at  (in Persian). In  Streitschrift des G

.

aza¯lı¯ gegen die Iba¯.h ı¯ja.  

Edited and German translation by Otto Pretzl. Munich: Bayerische Akademie der 

Wissenschaften, 1933. 

 ———.   H



. ima¯qat-i ahl-i iba¯.h at  (in Persian). In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do

-  mujaddid. Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi 

dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.h ammad-i  Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / Two Renewers of Faith .  153–210. 

 ———.   I.h ya¯ 7  ¶ulu¯m al-dı¯n . 5 vols. Cairo: Mu 7assasat al-H.alabı¯ wa-Shuraka¯ 7hu, 

1387/1967–68. 

 ———.   I.h ya¯ 7  ¶ulu¯m al-dı¯n . 16 parts in 5 vols. Cairo: Lajnat Nashr al-Thaqa¯fa al-

Isla¯miyya, 1356–57 (1937–39). Photographic reprint in 6 vols, Beirut: Da¯r al-Kita¯b 

al- ¶Arabı¯, n.d. [ c. 1990]. 

 ———.   Ilja¯m al- awa¯mm . Edited by Ah.mad al-Ba¯bı¯ al-H.alabı¯. Cairo: al-Mat.ba ¶a al-

Maymaniyya, 1309 [1891]. (Published in a volume together with  al-Munqidh min 



al-d.ala¯l ,   al-Mad.nu¯n bihi  ala¯ ghayri ahlih , and  al-Mad.nu¯n al-s.aghı¯r .) 

 ———.   Ilja¯m al- awa¯mm  an  ilm al-kala¯m.  Edited by Muh.ammad al-Mu ¶tas.im bi-Lla¯h 

al-Baghda¯dı¯. Beirut: Da¯r al-Kita¯b al- ¶Arabı¯, 1406/1985. 

 ———.   Ilja¯m al- awa¯mm  an  ilm al-kala¯m . MS Istanbul, Süleymaniye Kütüphanesi, 

¸Sehit Ali Pa¸

S

a 1712, foll. 1a–32b. 



 ———.   Al-Imla¯ 7 fı¯ ishka¯la¯t al-I.h ya¯ 7 . In al-Ghaza¯lı¯,  I.h ya¯ 7  ¶ulu¯m al-dı¯n . 5 vols. Cairo: 

Mu 7assasat al-H

. alabı¯ wa-Shuraka¯ 7hu, 1387/1967–68. 5:18–58. 

 ———.   Al-Imla¯ 7 fı¯ ishka¯la¯t al-I.h ya¯ 7  In al-Ghaza¯lı¯,  I.h ya¯ 7  ¶ulu¯m al-dı¯n . 16 parts in 5 vols. 

Cairo: Lajnat Nashr al-Thaqa¯fa al-Isla¯miyya, 1356–57 (1937–39). 16:3036–95. 

 ———.   Al-Imla¯ 7  ala¯ l-I.h ya¯ 7 . MS Yale University, Beinecke Library, Landberg 428. 

 ———.   Al-Iqtis.a¯d fı¯ l-i  ¶tiqa¯d . Edited by Ibrahim Agaˆh Çubukçu and Hüseyin Atay. 

Ankara: Nur Matbaasi, 1962. 



  b i bl io g r a ph y  

3 6 3


 ———.  “Jawa¯b al-masa¯ 7il al-arba ¶ allatı¯ sa 7alaha¯ al-ba¯t.iniyya bi-Hamada¯n.”  al-Mana¯r  

(Cairo) 11.8 (1326): 601–8 (published 29 Sha ¶ba¯n 1326 / 25 September 1908). 

 ———.   Jawa¯hir al-Qur 7a¯n . Edited by Muh.yı¯ l-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. Cairo: Mat.ba ¶at 

Kurdista¯n al- ¶Ilmiyya, 1329 [1911]. 

 ———.   Jawa¯hir al-Qur 7a¯n . MS Escorial 1130, foll. 8a–18b. (Incomplete.) 

 ———.   Al-Kashf wa-l-tabyı¯n fı¯ ghuru



¯r al-khalq ajma ı¯n . In  ¶Abd al-Wahha¯b ibn Ah.mad 

al-Sha ¶ra¯nı¯, T anbı¯h al-mughtarrı¯



n . Cairo: Mus.t.afa¯ l-Ba¯bı¯ al-H.alabı¯ wa-Awla¯duhu, 

1356/1937. 182–95. 

 ———.   Kı¯mya¯ 7 al-sa a¯da  [in Arabic]. In idem.  Jawa¯hir al-ghawa¯lı¯ min rasa¯ 7il al-Ima¯m 

H

. ujjat al-Isla¯m al-Ghaza¯lı¯ . Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. Cairo: Mat.ba ¶at 

al-Sa ¶a¯da, 1353/1934. 5–19. 

 ———.   Kı¯mya¯-yi sa a¯dat  [in Persian]. Edited by H

. usayn Khadı¯vjam. 2 vols. Tehran: 

Intisha¯ra¯t-i  ¶Ilmı¯ va-Farhangı¯ 1382 [2003]. 

 ———.   Al-L



uba¯b min al-I.h ya¯ 7 . Printed on the margins of Ibn Abı¯ l-Muna¯,  ¶Abd 

al-Malik al-Ba¯bı¯ al-H

. alabı¯.  Nuzhat al-na¯z.irı¯n fı¯ tafsı¯r a¯ya¯t min kita¯b rabb al-

 a¯lamı¯n . Cairo: Da¯r al-Kutub al-  ¶Arabiyya al-Kubra¯–Mus.t.afa¯ l-Ba¯bı¯ al-H.alabı¯ wa-

 Akhawayhi, 1328 [1910]. 

 ———.   Al-Luba¯b min al-I.h ya¯ 7= Mukhtas.ar I.h ya¯ 7  ¶ulu¯m al-dı¯n . Edited by Sha ¶ba¯n 

Muh.ammad Isma¯ ¶ı¯l. Cairo: Maktabat Nas.ı¯r, 1978. 

 ———.   Al-Ma a¯rif al- aqliyya . Edited by  ¶Alı¯ Idrı¯sı¯. Safaqis (Tunisia): al-Ta ¶a¯d.udiyya al-

 ¶Ama¯liyya li-l-T.iba¯ ¶a wa-l-Nashr: 1988. 

 ———. (?)  Ma a¯rij al-quds fı¯ mada¯rij ma rifat al-nafs . Edited by Muh.yı¯ l-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-

Kurdı¯. Cairo: Mat.ba ¶at al-Sa ¶a¯da, 1346/1927. 

 ———. (?)  Al-Mad.nu¯n bihi  ala¯ ghayr ahlih . Edited by Ah.mad al-Ba¯bı¯ al-H.alabı¯. Cairo: 

al-Mat.ba ¶a al-Maymaniyya, 1309 [1891]. (Published in a volume together with  Ilja¯m 



al- awa¯mm ,   al-Munqidh min al-d.ala¯l , and  al-Mad.nu¯n al-s.aghı¯r .) 

 ———. (?)  Al-Mad.nu¯n bihi  ala¯ ghayr ahlih . MS Berlin, Orientabteilung der Staatsbibli-

othek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Petermann II 35, foll. 32a–54b. 

 ———. (?)  Al-Mad.nu¯n al-s.aghı¯r wa-huwa al-mawsu¯m bi-l-Ajwiba al-Ghaza¯liyya fı¯ 



l-masa¯ 7il al-ukhrawiyya . Edited by Ah.mad al-Ba¯bı¯ al-H.alabı¯. Cairo: al-Mat.ba ¶a al-

Maymaniyya, 1309 [1891]. (Published in a volume together with  Ilja¯m al- awa¯mm , 

 al-Munqidh min al-d.ala¯l , and  al-Mad.nu¯n al-kabı¯r .) 

 ———.   M



aktu¯b-i Ghaza¯lı¯ dar ba¯ra-yi ahl-i iba¯.hah  (in Persian). In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do-  

mujaddid.   Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.hammad-i Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / 

Two Renewers of Faith,   139–45. 

 ———.   Maqa¯s.id al-fala¯sifa . Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. 3 parts. Cairo: al-

Mat.ba ¶a al-Mah.mu¯diyya al-Tija¯riyya, 1936. 

 ———.   Maqa¯s.id al-fala¯sifa  =  Muqaddimat Taha¯fut al-fala¯sifa al-musamma¯t Maqa¯s.id al-



fala¯sifa . Edited by Sulayma¯n Dunya¯. 2nd ed. Cairo: Da¯r al-Ma ¶arif, n.d. [1960]. 

 ———.   Al-Maqs.ad al-asna¯ fi  shar.h ma a¯nı¯ asma¯ 7 Alla¯h al-.husna¯.  Edited by Fadlou A. 

Shehadi. 2nd ed. Beirut: Da¯r al-Mashriq, 1982. 

 ———.   Mi.hakk al-naz.ar fı¯ l-mant.iq . Edited by Muh.ammad Badr al-Dı¯n al-Na ¶sa¯nı¯ and 

Mus.t.afa¯ al-Qabba¯nı¯. Cairo: al-Mat.ba ¶a al-Adabiyya, n.d. [1925]. 

 ———. (?)  Minha¯j al- a¯bidı¯n ila¯ jannat rabb al- a¯lamı¯n . Edited by Mah.mu¯d Mus.t.afa¯ 

H

. ala¯wı¯. Beirut: Mu 7assasat al-Risa¯la, 1409/1989. 



 ———.   Mishka¯t al-anwa¯r . Edited by Abu

¯ l- ¶Ila¯  ¶Afı¯fı¯. Cairo: al-Da¯r al-Qawmiyya, 

1383/1964. 

 ———.   Mishka¯t al-anwa¯r wa-misfa¯t al-asra¯r . Edited by Abd al- ¶Azı¯z  ¶Izz al-Dı¯n al-

Sayrawa¯n. Beirut:  ¶A

¯ lam al-Kutub, 1407/1986. 



3 6 4   b i bl io g r a ph y

 ———.   Mishka¯t al-anwa¯r fı¯ taw.hı¯d al-jabba¯r . MS Escurial 1130, foll. 73a–87a. 

 ———.   Mishka¯t al-anwa¯r wa-misfa¯t al-asra¯r . MS American University of Beirut, Jafet 

Memorial Library, MS 297.3: G41 iA. 

 ———.   Mi  ¶ya¯r al- ilm fı¯ fann al-mant.iq.  Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. Cairo: 

al-Mat.ba¯ ¶a al- ¶Arabiyya, 1346/1927. 

 ———.   Mi  ¶ya¯r al- ilm fı¯ fann al-mant.iq . MS Vatican, Bibliotheca Apostolica, Ebr. 426, 

foll. 102a–176a. (Judeo-Arabic fragment corresponding to pp. 61–222 in S.abrı¯ al-

Kurdı¯’s edition.) 

 ———.   Mı¯za¯n al- amal . Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. Cairo: al-Mat.ba ¶a al-

 ¶Arabiyya, 1342 [1923]. 

 ———.   Mı¯za¯n al- amal . Edited by Sulayma¯n Dunya¯. Cairo: Da¯r al-Ma ¶a¯rif, 1964. 

 ———. MS London, British Library, Or. 3126. 

 ———.   Al-Murshid al-amı¯n ila¯ maw iz.at al-mu 7minı¯n min I.h ya¯ 7  ¶ulu¯m al-dı¯n .  Cairo: 

Mus.t.afa¯ al-Ba¯bı¯ al-H.alabı¯ 1389/1969. 

 ———. (?)  Naf kh  al-ru



¯.h wa-l-taswiya . Edited by Ah.mad H.ija¯zı¯ al-Saqqa¯. Cairo: Makta-

bat al-Madı¯na al-Munawwara, 1399/1979. 

 ———.   Rawd.at al-t.a¯libı¯n wa- umdat al-sa¯likı¯n . Edited by Muh.ammad Bakhı¯t. Beirut: 

Da¯r al-Nahd.a al-H.adı¯tha, n.d. [1966]. 

 ———.   Risa¯la Fı¯ baya¯n ma rifat Alla¯h . In al-Ghaza¯lı¯,  Tala¯th rasa¯ 7il fı¯ l-ma rifa lam 

tunshar min qabl . Edited by Mah.mu¯d H.amdı¯ Zaqzu¯q. Cairo: Maktabat al-Azhar, 

1399/1979. 15–22. 

 ———. (?)  Risa¯la Fı¯ l- ilm al-ladunı¯  =  al-Risa¯la al-Laduniyya . Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n 

S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. Cairo: Maktabat Kurdista¯n al- ¶Ilmiyya, 1327 [1909]. 

 ———. (?)  Risa¯la Fı¯ l- ilm al-ladunı¯  =  Risa¯la Fı¯ baya¯n al- ilm al-ladunı¯ . MS Berlin, 

Orientabteilung der Staatsbibliothek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Sprenger 1968. 

foll. 39a–51b. 

 ———.   Risa¯la Fı¯ madha¯hib ahl al-salaf . MS Berlin, Orientabteilung der Staatsbibli-

othek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Petermann II 690. 

 ———.   Risa¯la Fı¯ l-ma rifa . In al-Ghaza¯lı¯,  Tala¯th rasa¯ 7il fı¯ l-ma rifa lam tunshar min qabl . 

Edited by Mah.mu¯d H.amdı¯ Zaqzu¯q. Cairo: Maktabat al-Azhar, 1399/1979. 31–65. 

 ———.   Risa¯la Fı¯ ma rifat al-nafs . In al-Ghaza¯lı¯,  Tala¯th rasa¯ 7il fı¯ l-ma rifa lam tun-



shar min qabl . Edited by Mah.mu¯d H.amdı¯ Zaqzu¯q. Cairo: Maktabat al-Azhar, 

1399/1979. 73–117. 

 ———.   Risa¯la Fı¯

 us.u¯l al-dı¯n . MS Munich, Staatsbibliothek, no. 855. foll. 23b–40b. 

 ———.   Risa¯la ila¯ Abu



¯ l-Fat.h al-Damı¯mı¯ = Risa¯lat al-wa z. wa-l-i  ¶tiqa¯d.  In  Fays.al al-tafriqa 

bayna l-Isla¯m wa-zandaqa ma a l-Risa¯la al-wa z.iyya wa-Kita¯b Mishka¯t al-anwa¯r 

wa-Risa¯la al- ¶Aqa¯ 7id wa-l-wa z. ila¯ Malik Sha¯h ( . . . )  Edited by Muh.ammad Badr 

al-Dı¯n al-Na ¶sa¯nı¯ al-H

. alabı¯. Cairo: Ah.mad Na¯jı¯ al-Jama¯lı¯ and Muh.ammad Amı¯n 

al-Kha¯njı¯, 1325/1907. 27–30. 

 ———.   Risa¯la ila¯ Abu

¯ l-Fat.h al-Damı¯mı¯ . MS Berlin, Orientabteilung der Staatsbibli-

othek Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Petermann II 8, pp. 120–26. 

 ———. (?)  Risa¯lat al-T.ayr . In idem.  Jawa¯hir al-ghawa¯lı¯ min rasa¯ 7il al-Ima¯m H.ujjat al-

Isla¯m al-Ghaza¯lı¯ . Edited by Muh.yı¯ al-Dı¯n S.abrı¯ al-Kurdı¯. Cairo: Mat.ba ¶at al-Sa ¶a¯da, 

1353/1934. 147–51. 

 ———.   Al-Qa¯nu

¯n al-kullı¯ fı¯ l-ta 7wı¯l . Edited by Muh.ammad Za¯hid al-Kawtharı¯. Distrib-

uted as a small pamphlet with the title  Qa¯nu



¯n al-ta 7wı¯l  as a supplement ( hadiyya ) 

to  Majallat al-Azhar  (Cairo) 58.4 (Rabı¯ ¶ II 1406 / Dec. 1985–Jan. 1986). 

 ———.   Qawa¯s.im al-ba¯t.iniyya . = Ahmed Ate¸

S

. “Gaza



ˆliˆ’nin Batiniˆlerin Belini Kiran 

Delliler’i Kita

ˆb Kava

ˆs.im al-Baˆt.iniˆya.“  Ilaˆhiyaˆt Faku¯ltesi Dergisi Ankara Üniversitesi   3 



(1954): 23–54. 

  b i bl io g r a ph y  

3 6 5


 ———.   Al-Qist.a¯s al-mustaqı¯m . Edited by Victor Chelhot. Beirut: Imprimerie 

Catholique, 1959. 

 ———.   Taha¯fut al-fala¯sifa . =  Taha

ˆfot al-Fala

ˆsifat ou «Incohérence des Philosophes.»   Edited 

by Maurice Bouyges. Beirut: Imprimerie Catholique, 1927. Reprint Frankfurt: 

Institute for the History of Arabic-Islamic Science, 1999. 

 ———.   Taha¯fut al-fala¯sifa . =  The Incoherence of the Philosophers / Taha¯fut al-fala¯sifa . 

A parallel English-Arabic text. Edited and translated by Michael E. Marmura. 2nd. 

ed. Provo (Utah): Brigham Young University Press, 2000. 

 ———.   Za¯d-i a¯khirat  (in Persian). Edited by Mura¯d Awrang. Tehran: Kita¯b-kha¯nah-i 

Millı¯, 1352 [1973]. 

 

on isl amic l aw and its method (including 



 

FATA

¯

WA

¯ 

 ———.   Asa¯s al-qiya¯s . Edited by Fahd ibn Muh.ammad al-Sadih.a¯n. Riyad: Maktabat al-

 ¶Ubayka¯n, 1413/1993. 

 ———.   Al-Bası¯t. fı¯ l-furu¯  fı¯ madhhab al-Sha¯fi ı¯.  MS Damascus, Asad-Library, Z.a¯hiriyya-

Collection, nos. 2111, 2112, 2113, 2114 (parts 1, 4, 5, and 6). 

 ———.   Baya¯n gha¯yat al-ghawr fı¯ dira¯yat al-dawr . MS London, British Library, Or. 3102, 

foll. 2a–4a. 

 ———.   Fata¯wa¯ l-Ima¯m al-Ghaza¯lı¯ / The Fata¯wa¯ of Imam al-Ghazza¯lı¯ . Edited by 

Mustafa Mahmoud Abu-Sway. Kuala Lumpur: International Institute of Islamic 

Thought and Civilization (ISTAC), 1996. 

 ———.   Al-Fata¯wa¯ li-l-Ima¯m H

. ujjat al-Isla¯m Mu.hammad ibn Mu.hammad al-Ghaza¯lı¯ . 

Edited by   ¶Alı¯ Mus.t.afa¯ l-T.assah. Beirut: Da¯r al-Ya¯ma¯ma, 1425/2004. 

 ———.   Fatwa¯  ¶Ala¯ man la ana muslim 

an

  . In Badawı¯.  Mu 7allafa¯t al-Ghaza¯lı¯ .  47–48. 

 ———.   Fatwa¯   ¶Ala¯ man istafa¯d.a min amwa¯l riba¯t. s.u¯fi yya . In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do-  mujaddid. 



Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.hammad-i Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / Two Renewers 

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 ———.   Fatva¯ Dar ba¯ra-yi  ahd-i   “ a-lastu. . .? ” (in Persian). In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do¯ mujaddid. 



Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.hammad-i Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / Two Renewers 

of Faith .  70–75. 

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Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.hammad-i Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / Two Renewers 

of Faith .  87–91. 

 ———.   Fatva¯ Dar ba¯ra-yi asra¯r-i  iba¯da¯t  (in Persian). In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do¯ mujaddid. 



Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.hammad-i Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / Two Renewers 

of Faith .  113–14. 

 ———.   Fatva¯ Dar ba¯ra-yi sama¯ ¶  (in Persian). In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do¯ mujaddid. P



azhu¯hish-ha¯-yi 

dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.hammad-i Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / Two Renewers of Faith .  13–18. 

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¯m-i ri a¯yat-i a¯nha¯  (in Persian). In 

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 ———.   Fatva¯ Dar ba¯ra-yi taklı¯f va-qurbat  (in Persian). In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do¯ mujaddid. 



Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi dar ba¯ra-yi Mu.hammad-i Ghazza¯lı¯ va-Fakhr-i Ra¯zı¯ / Two Renewers 

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 ———.   Fatva¯ Dar ba¯ra-yi va¯jib bu



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 ———.   Fatwa¯ ila¯ Yu¯suf ibn Ta¯shifı¯n bi-shar ¶iyyat jiha¯dihi . In Ibn al- ¶Arabı¯. “Shawa¯hid 

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Two Renewers of Faith .  77–78. 

———. H



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 ———.   Al-Mankhu



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 ———.   Nas.ı¯.hat al-mulu¯k  (in Persian). Edited by Jala¯l al-Din Huma¯ 7ı¯. Tehra¯n: 

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 ———. (?)  Pandna¯mah  (in Persian). In Pu¯rjava¯dı¯.  Do¯ mujaddid. Pazhu¯hish-ha¯-yi dar 



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al-tafriqa bayna l-Isla¯m wa-zandaqa ma a l-Risa¯la al-wa z.iyya wa-Kita¯b Mishka¯t 

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 ———.   Al-Tibr al-masbu

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