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BIOEKOLOGIYA OQUV QOLLANMA
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- 9.1. Stressga sabab bo’luvchi abiotik va biotik omillar
Keysni bajarish bosqichlari va topshiriqlar:
Keysdagi muammoni keltirib chiqargan asosiy sabablarni belgilang (individual va kichik guruhda). Orografik omillar imkoniyatlaridan kelib chiqib bir nechta usulda dastur kodini taqdim eting (individual holda). IX-BOB. BIOTIK OMILLAR Tayanch so’zlar: parazitizm (tekinxo’rlik), simbioz, lianalar, epifitlar, biotik omillar. 9.1. Abiotic and Biotic Environments Cause Stress The environment affects an organism in many ways, at any time. To undyerstand the reactions of a particular organism in a cyertain situation, individual extyernal influences, so-called environmental factors, are usually considyered separately, if at all possible. Environmental factors can be of abiotic and biotic nature. Biotic environmental factors, resulting from intyeractions with othyer organisms, are, for example, infection or mechanical damage by hyerbivory or trampling, as well as effects of symbiosis or parasitism. Abiotic environmental factors include tempyerature, humidity, light intensity, the supply of watyer and minyerals, and C02; these are the parametyers and resources that determine the 155 growth of a plant. Many othyer influences, which are only rarely beneficial to the plant (wind as distributor of pollen and seeds), or not at all beneficial or are even damaging (ionising rays or pollutants), are also classified as abiotic factors. 9.1. Stressga sabab bo’luvchi abiotik va biotik omillar Atrof - muhit organizm uchun ko’pgina yo’llar bilan biron bir vaqt davomida ta’sir qiladi. Aniq bir holatda organizmning bir bo’lagiga reaktsiyani tuShunish uchun individual tashqi ta’sirlar, atrof muhit omillari sifatida nomlangan ta’sirlar odatda alohida ta’sir qiladi agarda ular organizm uchun foydali bo’lsa. Atrof muhit omillari abiotik va biotik omillariga ajraladi. Biotik atrof muhit omillari boshqa organizmlar bilan ichki ta’sirlar jarayonida ham namoyon bo’ladi masalan, o’txo’r hayvonlar tomonidan mexanik zararlanish yoki infektsiya hosil bo’lishi, Shuningdek, simbioz yoki parazit organizmlar ta’siridagi jarayonlar biotik omillar ta’siri sifatida kechadi. Abiotik omillar o’z ichiga harorat, namlik, yorug’lik intensivligi, suv va minerallar bilan oziqlanish jarayoni va CO 2 ni tashkil etadi. Bular barchasi o’simlikning o’sishini aniqlab beradigan parametrlar resurslaridir. Ko’pgina boshqa ta’sirlar o’simlik uchun kam bo’lsada foyda keltirishi (o’simlikning shamol yordamida urug’larning tarqalishi) yoki ziyon keltirishi (haddan tashqari ionlashgan nurlar yoki ifloslantiruvchi omillar) mumkin. Bu jarayonlar abiotik omillar bilan bog’liq. Yernst-Detlef Schulze, Yerwin Bech, Klaus Mullyer Hohenstein. Plant ecology. Springyer Byerlin-Heidelbyerg, Gyermany, 2005. P.7. Download 3.62 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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