Animal anatomy, histology, pathological anatomy

Subject:Trichodesmatotoxicosis and Toxic liver dystrophy.

Lesson content. Camphor is a perennial plant that grows in the mountains, foothills and irrigated lands. Trichodesmotoxicosis occurs in all species of animals and birds. The disease is caused by a plant called campyrchopon. The stems, leaves, roots and even seeds of the plant contain alkaloids that enter the body with food and spread through the bloodstream, causing toxic changes. Characteristic changes in the lungs, lymph nodes, liver and heart. Often poisonings are widespread and people get sick.
Alkaloids of the camphor plant (trichodesmin, incanin) affect both blood vessels and the nervous system. As a consequence, hyperemia of all internal organs and the lymphatic system, causing lung tumors.
Macroscopic view. It resembles the mammary gland in color and consistency, with an enlarged cut surface, bleeding and serum (tumor). The mucous membranes become white and slightly yellow, and by the end of the disease the animal’s reaction to external stimuli, appetite and water intake completely disappears, falls down, and death is observed.
The liver is an enlarged toxic degeneration of a hard consistency due to the proliferation of connective tissue (cirrhosis).
Kidneys - with parenchymal dystrophy
Heart - granular dystrophy
Catarrhal and hemorrhagic inflammation of the stomach and intestines.
Microscopic view. Congestive congestion in the lungs leads to absorption of serum into the pulmonary stroma, resulting in stromal swelling. Hemorrhagic and fibrinous exudates appear in the alveoli and bronchi. Bleeding around veins and bronchi, hemosiderin pigmentation and proliferation. Chronic compaction appears. A large mirror shows the composition of exudates, the state of degeneration of epithelial cells, atrophy of muscle and connective tissue fibers.

Toxic liver dystrophy.Objectives of the topic: To teach students the macroscopic and microscopic manifestations of dystrophy of the liver. Visual equipment and instruments: Organ, microtome, block window box, gematoksilin, eosin. Alcohol, xylene, paraffin, microscopy, histological preparation No. 71 and museum preparations