Annual islamic bioethics workshop: dissecting the ethics of
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6/17/2015 1 WELCOME TO THE 2 ND ANNUAL ISLAMIC BIOETHICS WORKSHOP: DISSECTING THE ETHICS OF ORGAN DONATION HOUSEKEEPING ITEMS Registration Desk: Name Badges Course Packets Readings, Information Material, Evaluation Forms Tumbler
Course Evaluations [2] Please fill out and return to desk CME Certificates (APPNA Members online; Non-APPNA @ desk) Food
Refreshments outside Boxed Lunches Provided Friday Prayers- We will walk over at 12:45 promptly 6/17/2015 2 EXPRESSIONS OF GRATITUDE Program on Medicine & Religion Dr. Dan Sulmasy & Daniel Kim MacLean Center for Clinical Medical Ethics Dr. Mark Siegler American Islamic College Dr. Ali Yurtsever II&M Staff & Volunteers Elham Mireshghi Tasmiha Khan Hadiyah Muhammad Amanda Giles Milkie Vu Alia Azmat Hina Muneeruddin Sofia Sami Azam Zariff Munzareen Padela All the lecturers & my teachers/mentors
I s l a m American Muslim Health T r a n s l a t i o n 6/17/2015 3 THE INITIATIVE ON ISLAM & MEDICINE Methodology: ‐Bring together religious scholars, Islamic studies experts, medical and social scientists to fill in the knowledge gaps around Islamic bioethics ‐Host intensive workshops, symposia and conferences that disseminate this new knowledge OVERARCHING GOALS FOR WORKSHOP Gained conceptual literacy in “Islamic” Bioethics Equipped with greater understanding regarding the ethico-legal debates surrounding organ donation from Islamic perspectives Increased interest in studying the intersections of Islam, healthcare, and bioethics 6/17/2015 4 PEDAGOGICAL APPROACH Balance
Knowledge: Theoretical and Practical Presentation: Didactic and Narrative/Case-based Disciplinary Focus: Theology, Law and Sociology COURSE OVERVIEW Day 1: Survey of the field Actors & Material- Practical Lens Typology for end-users of Islamic bioethics literature Constructing an “Islamic” Bioethics?- Theological Lens Discuss moral theology informed review Epistemology of the “normative” in Islamic ethics
Empirical and theoretical methods of bioethics Health Risk Assessment…- Multidisciplinary Theoretical dialogue between clinicians and Islamic scholars 6/17/2015 5 COURSE OVERVIEW Day 2: Deep Dive into Organ Donation Ethics Ethical Issues in Living Organ Donor Transplant- Practical Lens Process & Procedures – Practical Lens Islamic Legal Views on Organ Donation…-Legal Lens Literature review of juridical opinions Muslim Medical Ethics and Diversity of Ulama- Applied Lens
Muslims Shia Opinions…- Theological and Legal Lens Contexts of Organ Donation…- Sociology & Anthropology COURSE OVERVIEW Day 3: Applied Islamic Bioethics Role of Muslim Physicians…- Practical Lens Case Discussion Conceptual Review 6/17/2015 6 MOSQUE-BASED SURVEY OF AMERICAN MUSLIMS [MI;N=97] 37% 16% 26% 18% NATIONAL SURVEY OF AMERICAN MUSLIM PHYSICIANS [IMANA;N=255] 15% 85% 67% 33% 8% 92% 35% 65% 3% 97%
6/17/2015 7 VISION OF THE II&M To become the leading center for study, dialogue, and education at the intersection of the Islamic tradition and biomedicine THE
ACTORS & MATERIALS OF “ISLAMIC” BIOETHICS 6/17/2015 8 BACKGROUND Islamic Bioethics Newly ‘birthed’ field of academic inquiry with interest from many corners Lack of clarity about the “Islamic” What content qualifies as Islamic implications for methods of derivation and research Questions about scope and nature of “bioethics” Emerge from the multi- and interdisciplinarity of bioethics ISLAMIC BIOETHICS LITERATURE 6/17/2015 9 Who needs (searches for) is Islamic Bioethical Guidance? Islamic Bioethics? MANY CONSUMERS Muslim patients Concordance between medical care and Islamic regulations Muslim healthcare providers Islam does influence medical practice - an “Islamic” ethos Religious leaders To advice clinicians and patients regarding biomedicine Healthcare institutions Culturally-sensitive care that improves quality Policy and Community Stakeholders Advocate for a more culturally accommodating healthcare system 6/17/2015 10 Who are the producers of Islamic Bioethics? 6/17/2015 11
6/17/2015 12 ANYBODY ELSE? 6/17/2015 13 Who is an Islamic Bioethics Expert? 6/17/2015 14 REPORTING ON ISLAMIC BIOETHICS IN THE MEDICAL LITERATURE: WHERE ARE THE EXPERTS? SHANAWANI & KHALIL Reviewed Pubmed from 1950-2005 “Islam or Muslim” & “Bioethics” 146 papers Content:
Only 11 mention more than 1 ‘universal’ Islamic position 5 mention concepts/sources of Islamic law Implication Writings lack depth and do not meet scholarly and practical needs 6/17/2015 15
55% never or rarely read Islamic bioethics books 79% never or rarely look to Islamic medical fiqh academy verdicts 77% never or rarely seek guidance from Imams National Survey of American Muslim physicians [n=255; IMANA] 6/17/2015 16 Social Science Medical
Sciences Philosophy & Bioethics Health
Policy Ethics
(Adab) Moral
Theology (usul al fiqh) Islamic Law
(fiqh, hukm) Clinical
Practice An Islamic Bioethics Discursive Partners Inputs 6/17/2015 17 CONSTRUCTING AN ‘”ISLAMIC BIOETHICS: CRITICAL CONCEPTS FROM THEOLOGY & LAW What is Islam? with meaning observed by a community A meaning-making system (cultural system)
Teachings with sources What makes something “Islamic”? Tied to sources (Q&S) Bounded within a shared understandings of a scholarly class (a discursive tradition) TERMINOLOGY 6/17/2015 18 TERMINOLOGY What is (Bio)ethics? - the “right/good/most appropriate” way to do something what is the objective criterion? ISLAMIC MORAL THEOLOGY: CORE CONCEPTS Revelation (wahy) Matloo Qur’an
An “Islamic” “Bioethics” Revelatory guidance for human behavior relating to biomedicine that accords with the “good”/”right”
6/17/2015 19 WHAT IS GOOD/RIGHT? What is the end-goal of action? What is right/good? What are the sources for assessment? Labelling authority vs. Characteristic of action Theological voluntarism or Deistic Subjectivism ‘Ashari vs. Mu’tazali; Maturidi theology regarding intellect Are
God’s commands are purposeful? What is the purpose? (human benefit?) Is there a “rule” of God? [two camps] 6/17/2015 20
Qur’an, Sunnah,
What are Islamic ethico-legal perspectives on….? Forbidden Discouraged Permissible Supererogatory Obligatory
6/17/2015 21 ISLAMIC ETHICO-LEGAL DELIBERATION Usul (sources) • Textual- Quran & Prophetic example • Formal- Qiyas (analogy) & Ijma (consensus) • Secondary Sources- Istishab, Urf Maqasid
(objectives) • Protection of life, religion, intellect, property, honor • Maslaha (public interest) [also an usul] Qawaid (maxims)
• Hardship calls for license • Dire necessity renders prohibited things permissible ETHICS IN ISLAM What can I do What should I do? Islam (legal minimum) Ihsan (perfected optimum) Role of fuqaha (jurists)= move community from sinful to realm of permissible actions 6/17/2015 22 TERMINOLOGY Islamic Bioethics: Tied scriptural sources & bearers of tradition with 2 genres
ethico-legal gradient
Muslim Bioethics: Sociological study of how Muslims respond to ethical challenges with ‘Islam’ as one input TERMINOLOGY Applied Islamic Bioethics Research: Bridges Islamic & Muslim bioethics methodologically Examining the ways in which material of Islamic bioethics is understood and applied by consumers Examining the translation of biomedical concepts into edifice of Islamic law 6/17/2015 23 THE INITIATIVE ON
ISLAM AND MEDICINE WORKSHOP WRAP-UP 6/17/2015 24 Social Science Medical
Sciences Philosophy & Bioethics Health
Policy Ethics
(Adab) Moral
Theology (usul al fiqh) Islamic Law
(fiqh, hukm) Clinical
Practice An Islamic Bioethics Discursive Partners Inputs FATAWA SHORTCOMINGS Jurists Tendencies Legists use machinary of fiqh to ‘remove’ sin Deference to ahl al-khibrah for details and concepts Conceptualization of the Problem-space May occur prior to fatwa and be not written into Or systematized after collation of juridical opinions performed
Or faulty Islamic ethico-legal constructs May require further theorization and conceptualization 6/17/2015 25 LIMITATIONS OF “FATWA-HUNTING” Method “Publication” Bias Tool for Policy Context-driven (contingent vs normative) Ethico-legal Source subject to the inherent limitations of the constructs Recognizing these shortcomings is necessary for Avoiding misapplication & misreading RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Level 1: Encyclopedia of Islamic Bioethics Fiqh Academies Dar al Ifta Al Misrriyah Islamic Fiqh Academy of the Muslim World League (Jeddah) Islamic Fiqh Academy (India) 6/17/2015 26 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Level 2:
Review Books by Islamic legal experts Topical reviews in Islamic Medical and Scientific Ethics Research Library at Georgetown University Level 3: Individual fatwas or opinion pieces Qibla for the Islamic Sciences (formerly Sunnipath) IslamQA, Islam Biomedicine High-Quality Research
High-Quality Education 6/17/2015 27 Developing a Religiously-Tailored Intervention to Improve Mammography Rates in Mosque Communities Associations between Religiosity & Workplace Discrimination & Bioethical Attitudes in American Muslim Physician Workforce ISLAMIC THEOLOGY & THE HUMAN SCIENCES Traditional ulema Clinicians Academicians 6/17/2015 28 UNFUNDED TRAINEES [2011-DATE] Undergraduate Interns: Five 2 national conference presentations Post-Graduate (Bachelor or Master’s): Five (+3) 6 presentations (+1); 1 paper Medical Students Three 3 presentations, 2 papers Doctoral
Two 4 presentation, 1 paper Post-doctoral Two 1 presentation, 2 papers under-review Evaluation Forms Publicize this work Social Media, word-of-mouth Support our work Connect to donors and collaborators (a lot of volunteerism in II&M) Host 5-hr workshops in community setting [EOL in Dallas, LA] Stay Tuned Apr/May 2016 Interaction and Intersection: Discourse and Dialogue at between Islamic Theology & Biomedicine 3 day Conference with abstract call CLOSING REQUESTS 6/17/2015 29 Download 79.04 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: 
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