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Part 3: Out-of-class group work and microteaching
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Part 3: Out-of-class group work and microteaching.
At the beginning of the course, students choose an idea 共con- cept 兲 that they will investigate working in groups of two to three for an extended period of time. They have to trace the development of that concept from first observations 共if pos- sible 兲 to the stage when it was accepted by other scientists. They also need to prepare a story about one of the persons who participated in the development of the concept. The sci- entist has to become alive for the listeners—their family, a spouse, personal strengths and weaknesses, friends and enemies—all of the details that make their human are a part of the story. Preservice teachers also need to design 共and teach in class 兲 a high school lesson related to one of the aspects of the concept. The concepts for the projects are: electric charge, electric current, magnetic field, models of light, and atomic and nuclear structure 共transformation of elements and fis- sion 兲. Students, working in groups outside of class, first make an historical outline; then they prepare a lesson that they will teach in class. For example, a group that is working on the history of the development of the concept of magnetic field will teach a lesson in which students develop a concept of magnetic interactions: they observe and devise explanations of the interactions of a compass with a magnet 共this activity is similar to the experiments performed by Gilbert 兲, a com- pass above, below and on the sides of a current-carrying wire 共which is similar to Oersted’s experiment兲, and finally design experiments to test their explanations 共using an apparatus that has two parallel wires with the current in the same or opposite directions—similar to the experiment conducted by Ampere to test his hypothesis that a current carrying wire is similar to a magnet 兲. When the preservice teachers start planning their lesson, they tend to focus on the content that they will present in- stead of thinking about what goals the lesson will achieve. This is where the feedback of the course instructor is invaluable—she helps students think of a lesson as the means to achieve a particular learning goal 共s兲. After the goals are established, the preservice teachers start thinking about how to achieve them. Here again, the main focus of the preservice teachers is what they will do in class as teachers, as opposed to what their students will do to learn. Another difficulty comes later: how will they know that the students learned? What questions will they ask? What possible answers will their students give? The goal of the course instructor is to help preservice teachers think of and plan these aspects of the lesson. When preservice teachers teach their first few lessons to their fellow preservice teachers, they tend to stick with the plan they devised, without paying attention to the comments and questions of the lesson participants. During the actual teaching, the instructor plays multiple roles: a student who does not understand 共to provoke a discussion兲, a team teacher 共to help preservice teachers who are teaching to carry out their plan 兲, and the course instructor, who might interrupt the flow of the lesson and focus the attention of the “teacher” on a student comment that might indicate a difficulty or mis- understanding or a possible need to change the order of the lesson. This latter role becomes more important as the pro- gram progresses since the skill of hearing what students are saying is the most difficult and the most important skill to acquire. Download 231.88 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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