Article in Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society a mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences · January 004 doi: 10. 1098/rsta. 2003
Download 377.19 Kb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Phil.Trans.
7. Current status
The operation of an OPO was first reported nearly 40 years ago (Giordmaine & Miller 1965). Following initial rapid progress, however, research was hampered by a lack of suitable nonlinear materials and laser sources, rendering OPOs as impractical sources of coherent light. This led to a conspicuous decline in OPO research and a period of quiescence in the field for more than 20 years. In the 1980s, there was a major resurgence of interest in OPOs, prompted by the advent of new birefringent nonlinear materials, namely β -BaB 2 O 4 (BBO), LiB 3 O 5 (LBO), and KTiOPO 4 (KTP), amongst others, with unprecedented damage toler- ance and improved overall characteristics. More recently, the advent of QPM mate- rials such as periodically poled LiNbO 3 (PPLN) with large nonlinearity and engi- neerable phase-matching properties has led to practical realization of OPOs with unparalleled performance capabilities with regard to output power and efficiency, pump power threshold and wavelength accessibility. (For more comprehensive recent developments in optical parametric devices, see special journal issues on this sub- ject area (Byer & Piskarskas 1993; Bosenberg & Eckardt 1995; Ebrahimzadeh et al . 1999).) (a) Pulsed OPOs Advances in OPOs have traditionally been most deliberate in the nanosecond regime. This regime corresponds to the use of pulsed laser sources providing nanosec- ond (10 −9 s) optical pulses, thus ensuring high pumping intensities. However, prac- tical operation of nanosecond OPOs is more demanding on material damage toler- ance, because of the high pump-pulse energies (generally from a few millijoules to over 100 mJ, but they can reach as much as 1 J in high-energy laser systems. At a wavelength of 600 nm, say, 1 mJ corresponds to the total energy of ca. 3 × 10 15 (or three thousand trillion) photons!) Since material damage is generally exacerbated at higher pump energy fluence (energy/area), this was perhaps the most important factor hampering the development of early nanosecond OPOs that followed the very first device (Giordmaine & Miller 1965). The availability of new nonlinear crystals, Download 377.19 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling