Present Perfectning so’roq shaklini have va has yordamchi fe’lini egadan oldinga qo’yish orqali yasaymiz
Have/has+ ega+P.P: Has Ann lost her passport? – Anna pasportini yo’qotdimi?
have I missed the bus?
have you visited London? has he worked as a waiter before? has she met John? has it been cold this week?
have we arrived too early?
have they studied English grammar before?
Present Perfectni ishlatilishi
Hozirgi tugallangan zamon (Present Perfect) o’tgan zamonda bajarib tugatilgan va natijasi hozirgi zamonda ko’rinib turgan ish-harakatga nisbatan ishlatiladi.
I have bought a new house – Men yangi uy sotib oldim (Sotib olganlish ish-harakatim tugab bo’ldi, ammo uning natijasi – menda yangi uyning borligi vaqti hali tugagani yo’q, menda hali ham o’sha uy bor!).
I have broken my pencil. – Men qalamimni sindirib qo’ydim(sindirish jarayoni allaqachon tugadi, lekin uning natijasi qalamni singani hozir ham mavjuda qalam hozir ham siniq.)
He has cleaned his room – U xonasini tozaladi (Tozalash jarayoni, ish-harakati allaqachon nihoyasiga yetib bo’ldi, ammo uning natijasida kelib chiqqan xonaning tozaligi hozirda ham mavjud. Uning xonasi hozir ham toza).
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Izoh:
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Tepada ko’rgan misollarizda ish-harakat tugagan masalan yangi uy sotib olish tugadi. Siz sotib olib bo’ldingiz ammo
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o’sha ish-harakatni sodir qilgan natijasi tugamadi va hozirda ko’rnib turibdi. Uy sotib oldim deb Hozirgi tugallangan
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zamonda aytsangiz biz nimani tushunamiz: Biz hozirda sizda yangi uy borligini bilib olamiz. Hozirgi tugallangan zamonda
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ish-harakat tugagan lekin natijasi hozirda ko’rnib turadi. Pastdagi misollarga e’tibor bering:
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I have cleaned my shoes – Men oyoq kiyimlarimni tozaladim (natijada ular hozir toza).
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
