Avvalo birinchi grammatik qoidalarni undan so’ng qiladigan xatolarni ko’rib chiqing bu sizni kelasida qilinadigan har qanday xatolardan saqlab qoladi. Uni tugatib test yechish sirlarini yaxshilab o’rganib chiqing

Bu ikki misolga yaxshilab Eslatma

1. 
   He doesn’t know any foreign languages except German – U nemis tilidan tashqari birorta chet tilini bilmaydi.
   
2. 
   He knows two foreign languages besides German – U nemis tilidan tashqari ikkita chet tilini biladi.
   

292.	By va With

Wrong: The man shot the bird by a gun
Right: The man shot the bird with a gun
By va with predloglari o’zbek tiliga bilan so’ziga to’gri keladi. By ko’pincha majhul nisbatda ishlatilib, tomonidan deb tarjima qilinadi va ish-harakatning bajaruvchisini ko’rsatadi. With esa, aniq nisbatda ham, majhul nisbatda ham ish-harakatni bajarish asbobini, buyumini bildiradi:

1. 
   The bird was shot by the man – Qush odam tomonidan otilgan
   
2. 
   The man shot the bird with a gun – Odam qushni miltiq bilan otdi
   

293.	In va Of ma’nosida From ni noto’g’ri ishlatish

Wrong: He is the tallest from her father
Right: He is the tallest boy in the class
Or: He is the tallest of the all boys
Orttirma darajadagi sifat yoki ravish the artikli orqali kelsa, biz in yoki ofni ishlatamiz fromni emas.

294.	Since va For

Wrong: She’s lived here since two years
Right: She’s lived here for two years
For – dan beri.. degan ma’no beradi va ish-harakatni qanchdan beri davom etayotgani bildiradi. For ishhakarakti qanchadan beri davom etayotgani miqdorini bildiradi.for two days- 2 kun, for 40 years - 40 yildan beri. For miqdorini bildiradi
Since- dan beri degan ma’no beradi va ish-harakatni qachon boshlangani bildiradi. Since 1995- 1995 yildan beri, since April- Apreldan beri. Since faqat Perfect zamonlarda ishlatiladi.

For	Since
Vaqt davri(miqdori)	Boshlanish nuqtasi
	X---------------
20 minutes	6.15pm
a long time	Monday
6 months	January

295.	Kelasi zamon uchun In o’rnida After ishlatilinishi

Wrong:I may be able to go after a week
Right: I may be able to go in a week/ in a week's time
Kelasi zamondagi vaqt haqida gapirsak in ishlatiladi, after emas. In kelasi zamon uchun ishlatilganda – dan keyin degan so’zga qisman to’gri keladi. In a week – bir haftadan keyin, in a week's time- bir haftadan keyin.

296.	In va within

Wrong: I will come back in an hour(agarda siz bir soat ichida demoqchi bo’sangiz in a hour xato, in a hour bir soatdan keyin degan ma’no beradi)
Right: I will come back within an hour
In -dan keyin, deb tarjima qilinadi
Within ichida, -dan kechikmasdan deb tarjima qilinadi: I shall give you an answer within three days. Men sizga uch kundan kechiktirmasdan javob beraman

Chalkash ishlatiladigan fe’llar

297.	Shall va May

Ikkilasni farqi

1. 
   May I shut the door?
   
2. 
   Shall I shut the door?
   

May I shut the door? Bu gap :” Men eshik yopilishini istayman va Men sizdan eshikni yopishga ruhsat so’rayotganimni bildiradi. May ruhsat so’rashda ishlatiladi.
Shall I shut the door? Bu gap: Men sizni eshikni yopilinishini istaysizmi yoki yo’qmi shuni bilishni xohlayotganmni bildiradi. Buyerda buyruq farmoyish kutyabman yop yoki yopma degan. Shall buyruq farmoyish olishda ishlatiladi.

298.	Say va Tell

Wrong: He told that he’d go home
Right: He said that he’d go home
Say va Tell fe’llarini farqi: say o’zidan keyin to’g’ridan to’gri object olmaydi. He said me holida ishlatish xato. Tell fe’li esa ozdan keyin object talab qiladi shu uchun o’zi yolg’iz objectsiz kelmaydi. Tepadagi misolga qarasangiz say fe’li o’zdan keyin to’ldiruvchi olmagan, tell object omagani uchun xato xisoblangan. Shundayiga tell objectsiz ishlatilmaydi, say esa object bilan ishlatilmaydi.
Eslatma: say va tell bilan ishlatiladigan ba’zi iboralar: say a prayer( duo qilmoq), who says(kim aytdi?), I must say(aytishim kerak), If you say so..(agarda siz shunday desangiz)
Tell the truth – Haqiqatni aytmoq, tell a lie (yolg’on gapirmoq), Tell the time (vaqtni aytmoq), tell your fortune (kelajagingizni/taqdiringizni aytmoq)

299.	Make va Do

1. 
   Make
   

Wrong: The carpenter did a large table Right: The carpenter made a large table

2. 
   Do
   

Wrong: You must make your work carefully
Right: You must do your work carefully
Birinchi navbatda make fe’li biror narsani qurish, yasash yoki ishlab chiqarishni bildiradi, vaholanki do fe’li esa biror narsani bajarish amalga oshirishni bildiradi
Eslatma: make va do bilan ishlatiladigan ba’zi iboralar: Make a mistake (xato qilmoq), make a promise
(vada bermoq), make a speech(nutq so’zlamoq), make excuse (uzr so’ramoq) make haste – (shoshqoliklik qilmoq), make fun of(masxara qilmoq), make a progress (rivojlanishga erishmoq) make a noise (shovqin qilmoq),
Do good – yaxshlik qilmoq, do evil- yomonlik qilmoq, do your best – qo’lingizdan kelganicha qilishmoq

300.	Lie va Lay

a) Lie
Wrong: I’m going to lay down for an hour Right: I’m going to lie down for an hour b) Lay
Wrong: Please lie the exam papers on the desk
Right: Please lay out the exam papers on the desk
Lie– dam olmoq degan ma’no beradi yana bir ma’nosi yolg’on gapirmoq. Lie fe’li o’timsiz fe’l hisonlanadi va o’zidan keyin object (to’ldiruvchi) olmaydi. Lie fe’lining 3 ta shakli: lie, lay lain Lay – qo’ymoq degan ma’no beradi to put fe’li bilan sinonim. Lay fe’li o’timli fe’l hisoblanadi va o’zidan keyin doim object(to’ldiruvchi) talab qiladi. Lay fe’lining 3 ta shakli: lay, laid, laid
Ingliz tilida ba’zi fe’llar o‘zidan keyin vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi talab qiladi, boshqacha aytganda, fe’ldagi ish-harakat birorta shaxs yoki bu yumga — obyektga o‘tadi. Bunday fe’llar o‘timli fe’llar deb ataladi:
He invited me to the concert. U meni konsertga taklif qildi.
O‘zidan keyin vositasiz to‘ldiruvchi talab qilmaydigan fe’llar o‘timsiz fe’llar deb ataladi:
I live in Shahrisabz. Men Shahrisabzda yashayman

301.	Sit va Seat

a) Sit
Wrong: We seat at a desk to write a letter Right: We sit at a desk to write a letter b) Seat
Wrong: He sat the passengers one by one
Right: He seated the pessengers on by one
Sit fe’li o’timsiz fe’l hisoblanadi vaholanki seat fe’li o’timli fe’l va doim o’zidan keyin to’ldiruvchi talab qiladi. Seat fe’li ko’pincha o’zlik olmoshlari bilan qo’llanadi. Farqi shu seat o’zdan keyin to’ldirvuchi talab etadi…
Eslatma: O’rnatmoq ma’nosida sit bilan set fe’llarini adashtirib qo’ymang. Set fe’li bilan eng ko’p ishlatiladigan iboralar: to set the table, to set on fire, to set off( or out), to set a trap, to set a clock, to set a price, to set your heart on, to set free, to set an example, to set a broken bone, to set to work

302.	Rise va Raise