Avvalo birinchi grammatik qoidalarni undan so’ng qiladigan xatolarni ko’rib chiqing bu sizni kelasida qilinadigan har qanday xatolardan saqlab qoladi. Uni tugatib test yechish sirlarini yaxshilab o’rganib chiqing
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Secrets of Grammar kodi pdf
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Grow
Wrong: These flowers grow up very quicly Right: These flowers grow very quicly Grow up Wrong: When I grow I will be a doctor Right: When I grow up I will be a doctor Grow - nimadir katta bo’lmoq o’smoq, grow up – o’spirin bo’lmo, ulg’aymoq Grow – boshqa ma’nolari :1) o’smoq (o’simliklarga nisbatan). Rice grows in Egypt. 2) o’sishga sabab bo’lish ya’ni o’stirmoq. We grow flowers in our garden. 3) o’sishiga ruhsat bermoq. He grew a beard 4) bo’lmoq ya’ni become fe’liga sinomim sifatida. The nights grow cold in winter
a) Pick Wrong: We pickedup flowers in the garden Right: We picked flowers in the garden b) Pick up Wrong: The naughty boy picked a stone Right: The naughty boy picked up a stone Pick – fe’li “uzmoq” deyiladi va biror o’simlik va gullarni uzishni, yulishni bildiradi. Pick up – nimanidir yerdan ko’tarib olishni bildiradi. Yerdan toshni yulmaysiz, ko’tarib olasiz.
a) Deal with Wrong: This book deals in common errors. Right: This book deals with common errors. b) Deal in Wrong: A bookseller deal with books Right: A bookseller deal in books Deal with – “e’tiborini qaratmoq”, “shug’ulanmoq”, muomoga yechim topmoq ma’nolarida ham tez tez ishlatilandi. This book deals with common errors – Ushbu kitobda keng tarqalgan xatolar bilan shug’ulanadi(e’tibor qaratadi) Deal in – sotib olish va sotish degan ma’no beradi. A bookseller deal in books – Kitob sotuvchisi kitobni savdosi bilan shug’ulanadi(olib sotadi)
Borrow Wrong: I want to lend a book from you Right: I want to borrow a book from you Lend Wrong: Will you please borrow me a book? Right: Will you please lend me a book? Borrow - kimdandir nimanidir olish (qarz olish) Lend – kimgadir nimanidir berish (qarz berish)
Steal Wrong: Someone has robbed all her money Right:Someone has stolen all her money Rob Wrong: Some men stole a bank last night Right: Some men robbed a bank last night Steal – “o’g’irilamoq” fe’li biror narsani o’girlik yo’li orqali olib qo’yishni nazarda tutadi. Steal fe’lining objecti narsalar bo’ladi masalan pul, soat, veleseped va hakoza. Rob – “talamoq”, “bosqinchlik qilmoq” fe’lining obyekti odam yoki biror joy bo’ladi masalan: odam, uy, bank. Xulosa: Steal bu o’g’irlik biror buyumni o’girlamoq, rob esa biror odamni yoki biror joyni tunamoq, bosqinchlik qilmoq.
Wrong: I am persuaded of Akmal’s innocence Right: I am convinced of Akmal’s innocence Convince va persuade (ishontirmoq) fe’llari zamonaviy ingliz tilida farqsiz ishlatiladi. Shohsanam persuaded me to take the exam = Shohsanam convinced me to take the exam – Shohsanam meni imtixon topshrishga ishontirdi. Faqat bitta vaziyatda biz convince o’rniga persuade ishlatolmaymiz. Ya’ni biror narsaga ishonmoq ma’nosida to be convinced of ishlatilandi. I am convinced of Akmal’s innocence – Akmalning aybsizligiga ishonaman(aminman). Bu vaziyatda faqat convince ishlatilinadi, persuade emas.
a) Refuse Wrong: Sarah denied to take the money Right: Sarah refused to take the money b) Deny Wrong: Jony refused that he’d done it Right:Jony denied that he’d done it Refuse – rad qilmoq fe’li biror taklifni qabul qilmaslik yoki biror kishi sizdan bajarishni so’raragan ishni bajarmaslik. Deny – inkor qilmoq fe’li salbiy javob berish yoki biror narsani inkor qilish. Ikkisni farqlashni bir oson yo’li: refuse fe’li qilinajak xoli bajarilmagan ishni rad qilish; deny fe’li bajarilgan ishni rad qilish inkor qilish. Masalan Sarah refused to take the money –Sarah pulni olishni rad etdi(qilinijak ishni rad etdi olmadi) Jony denied that he’d done it – Jony buni qilganini rad etdi(qilingan ishni inkor etdi)
a) Discover Wrong: America was invented by Columbus Right: America was discovered by Columbus b) Invent Wrong: Edison discovered the gromophone Right: Edison invented the gramophone Discover (kashf etmoq) – fe’li oldin bor bo’lgan lekin noma’lum bo’lgan narsani topish, vaholanki invent (ixtiro qilmoq) fe’li esa oldin yo’q bo’lgan narsani yaratmoq
a) Take place Wrong: The meeting will take part soon Right: The meeting will take place soon b) Take part Wrong: I will take place in the meeting Right: I will take part in the meeting Take place - sodir bo’lmoq yoki biror narsa o’qtazilmoq (tadbir, uchrashuvlar..) Take part – qatnashmoq ( tadbir, uchrashuvlarda)
Made from Wrong: The bowl is made of glass Right: The bowl is made from glass Made of Wrong: This chair is made from wood Right: This chair is made of wood MADE FROM (yoki, “Make from”) – “-dan tayyorlangan” deb tarjima qilinadi. Bu ibora biror narsa tayyor maxsulot holiga kelgunicha ishlatilgan xom ashyo to’liq o’z xusususiyatini o’zgartirib boshqa bir narsaga aylanganligini bildiradi. Masalan: This glass is made from sand – Bu shisha qumdan tayyorlangan (hozir u shisha, qumdan tayyorlangan, lekin endi hozir u qum emas, u shishaga aylandi); MADE OF (yoki, “Make of”) – “-dan yasalgan” deb tarjima qilinadi. Bu ibora tayyorlangan narsa tayyor holatga kelgunicha ishlatilgan xom ashyo o’z tabiiy holatini saqlab qolganligini bildiradi. Masalan: This chair is made of wood – Bu stul yog’ochdan yasalgan (stul yasalishdan oldin ham xom ashyo yog’och edi, stul tayyor holatga kelgandan keyin ham u yog’ochligicha qoldi);
Wrong: Some men are correcting the road Right: Some men are repairing the road Correct – fe’li nimanidir to’g’irlamoq masalan xatoni to’g’irlash, tarjimani to’g’irlash va boshqalar Repair yoki Mend fe’li shikastlangan buzilgan narsani sozlamoq, tamirlamoq, to’g’irlamoq masalan uyni, ko’chani, kiyimni tuzatmoq. Agarda repair fe’lini ta’mirlamoq deb tarjima qisangiz correct bilan adashtirib qo’ymaysiz. Eslatma: repair a watch - soatni tamirlamoq, yaxshi xolatga keltirmoq. Correct a watch – soatni vaqtini to’g’irlamoq, to’gri vaqtni o’rnatmoq.
Wrong: A sandstorm dusted our clothes Right: A sandstorm covered our clothes with dust Dust – fe’li chang bilan qoplamoq degan ma’no bermaydi, lekin changdan tozalamoq yoki changitmoq degan ma’no beradi. After sweeping, she dusted the furniture – Supurishdan keyin, u mebellarni changini tozaladi.
Wrong: Graham learned us how to play hockey. Right: Graham taught us how to play hockey. Teach(o’rgatmoq) – fe’li yo’l yoriq ko’rsatishni bildiradi, nimanidir o’rgatishni. Learn(o’rganmoq)- fe’li yo’l yo’riq olishni bildiradi, nimanidir o’rganishni. He taught me English, and I learned it quickly. – U menga ingliz tilini o’rgatdi va men tezda uni o’rganib oldim 321. Agree o’rniga Accept ni ishlatilinishi Wrong: The teacher accepted to go with us Right: The teacher agreed to go with us Accept(qabul qilmoq) – fe’li sizga taklif qilingan biror narsani qabul qilishni bildiradi. Mary accepted the bunch of flowers - Meri guldastani qabul qildi. Yana bir ma’nosi sizga aytilgan so’zga ishonishni bildiradi. Ken accepted his explanation – Ken uning tushuntirishiga qabul qildi (ishondi) Agree(rozi bo’lmoq) – fe’li biror kishi sizdan bajarishni so’ragan ishni bajarishga rozi bo’lishni bildiradi. David agreed to come to London on Monday – David Dushanbada Londonga kelishga rozi bo’ldi Eslatma: agree with(maqulamoq, qo’shilmoq) – odamlar bilan ishlatilinadi, agree to esa narsalar bilan ishlatilinadi. I agree with Shohsanam, but I can’t agree to this plan. Men Shohsanamga qo’shilaman lekin bu planga qo’shilmayman.
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