Philosophical Faculty, Palacký University Olomouc
19
31) She must write.
* She musts write.
(Quirk et al. 1985, 128)
32)* She like to write.
She likes to write.
(ibid.)
2.2.4
Abnormal Time Reference
One of the attributes
that Quirk et al. (1985, 128) add is that present as well as past forms
of modals can be applied
to both present and future time.
Can, may, shall and
will creates
present and past forms (Owen 1965, 129).
33) I think he may/might retire next May.
(Quirk et al. 1985, 128)
34) * I think he retired next May.
(ibid.)
Must, need, ought do not have the past form but they can refer to the past in indirect speech
(Quirk et al. 1985, 128).
35) I told him he must be home early.
(Quirk et al. 1985, 128)
Swan (2005, 326) contributes
that for expressing past ideas, modals need to be followed by
perfect infinitives.
36) You should have told me you were coming.
(Swan 2005, 326)
2.2.5
No Imperative and Passive Voice
Dušková (1988, 181) states: “Modální slovesa netvoří
imperativ, neboť základní
funkce
imperativu, vyjadřování rozkazu nebo žádosti, je v podstatě totožná s modalitou nutnostní
nebo záhodnostní a neslučitelná s modalitou možnostní a volitivní. Z neexistence
jmenných tvarů a sémantiky modálních sloves vyplývá, že netvoří pasívum.“
[
Modal verbs do not form imperative because a basic function of imperative is expressing
commands or requests. In fact it is identical with modality of necessity and incompatible
with modality of possibility and volition. There are no nominal forms or semantics
of modal verbs therefore they do not form passive.]
Philosophical Faculty, Palacký University Olomouc
20
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