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1994 Book DidacticsOfMathematicsAsAScien
tieth century. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Chevallard, Y. (1985). La transposition didactique. Grenoble: La Pensée Sauvage. Dowling, P., & Noss, R. (Eds.). (1991). Mathematics versus the National Curriculum. London: Falmer Press. Gintis, H., & Bowles, S. (1988). Contradiction and reproduction in educational theory. In M. Cole (Ed.), Bowles and Gintis revisited (pp. 16-32). London: Falmer. Giroux, M. (1983). Theory and resistance in education. London: Heinemann. Gramsci, A. (1957). The modern prince and other writings. London: Lawrence & Wishart. Green, L. (1988). Music on deaf ears: Musical meaning, ideology, education. Manchester: Manchester University Press. Guckenheimer, J. (1978). The catastrophe controversy. Mathematical Intelligencer, 1(1). 15-20. Illich, I. (1973). Tools for conviviality. London: M. Boyars. Marx, K. (1967). Capital (Vol. 1.) Moscow: Progress Publishers. RICHARD NOSS Mellin-Olsen, S. (1987). The politics of mathematics education. Dordrecht: Reidel Noss, R. (1988a). The computer as a cultural influence in mathematical learning. Educational Studies in Mathematics, 19(2), 251-268. Noss, R. (1988b). The politics of mathematics education (Review Article). Educational Studies in Mathematics, 19, 403-411. Noss, R. (1989). Just testing: A critical view of recent change in the UK Mathematics Curriculum. In K. Clements & N. Ellerton (Eds.), School mathematics: The challenge to change. Deakin: Deakin University Press. Noss, R. (1990). The National Curriculum and mathematics: A case of divide and rule? In P. Dowling & R. Noss (Eds.), Mathematics versus the National Curriculum (pp. 13-32). London: Falmer Press. Noss, R. (1991). The Social Shaping of Computing in Mathematics Education. In: D. Pimm & E. Love (Eds.) The teaching and learning of school mathematics. London: Hodder & Stoughton. Skovsmose, O. (1992). Democratic competence and reflective knowing in mathematics. For the Learning of Mathematics, 12(2), 2-11. Thom, R. (1973). Modern mathematics: Does it exist? In A. G. Howson (Ed.), Develop- ments in mathematics education (pp. 194-209). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Vulliamy, G. (1976). What counts as school music? In G. Whitty & M. Young (Eds.), Explorations in the politics of school knowledge (pp. 19-34). Oxford: Nafferton Books. Whitty, G. (1985). Sociology and school knowledge. London: Methuen. Acknowledgements I would like to thank Celia Hoyles and David Pimm for their helpful comments and suggestions on an earlier draft of this paper. An expanded and elaborated ver- sion of this paper is due to appear as "Structure and Ideology in the Mathematics Curriculum" in For the Learning of Mathematics. 441 1. MATHEMATICS AND SOCIETY In the last 100 years, we have seen enormous advances in our knowledge of nature and in the development of new technologies. The boundaries be- tween science fiction and reality have been reduced. Humanity has seen the smallest reaches of imagination and talks about reaching the boundaries of the universe. And yet, this same century has shown us a despicable human behavior. Unprecedented means of mass destruction, of insecurity, new ter- rible diseases, unjustified famine, drug abuse, and moral decay are matched only by an irreversible destruction of the environment. Much of this paradox has to do with an absence of reflections and considerations of values in aca- demics, particularly in the scientific disciplines, both in research and in edu- cation. Most of the means to achieve these wonders and also these horrors of sci- ence and technology have to do with advances in mathematics. We all, mathematics educators, wish to be able to contradict the mathematician turned into a major novelist, Robert Musil, who said "mathematics, the mother of the exact sciences, the grandmother of engineering, was also the archmother of that spirit from which, in the end, poison gases and fighter aircraft have been born" (Musil, 1953-1954, p. 41). All, who love doing mathematics disagree with Gustave Flaubert when he says that "Mathe- matics. Dries up the heart" (Flaubert, 1881/1987, p. 316). We are closely bound to the history of the modern world, to modern thought, to the history of technology and modern philosophy, which are highly influenced by mathematical thinking, much more than by the humanities, by the religions, by any set of values and traditions. It is not without reason that we read in a row Isaac Newton's Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica (1683), John Craig's Theologiae Christianae Principia Mathematica (1699), and Jean-Phillipe Rameau's tribute to Newton in his Traité de l'harmonie (1722). Mathematics has made an imprint in the intellectual world since the 18th century. Until nowadays. But now we are increasingly more identified, by outsiders, with evil. The romantic criticism of Musil and Flaubert now have an echo in other sectors of society. As US Senator A1 Gore says: the assumptions we are taught as infants are heavily influenced by our Cartesian world view – namely, that human beings should be separate from the earth, just as Ubiratan D'Ambrosio Sao Paulo CULTURAL FRAMING OF MATHEMATICS TEACHING AND LEARNING R. Biehler, R. W. Scholz, R. Sträßer, B. Winkelmann (Eds.), Download 5.72 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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