Boshlang'ich sinflarda matematika o'qitish metodikasi
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6. Darslik va dasturning о 'zaro mosligi
D a rs lik m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h d a o ‘q u v ja ra y o n in i ta ’m in la s h -n in g a s o s iy v o s ita s i b o ‘lib x iz m a t q ila d i v a d a v la t d a s tu rig a t o ‘la m o s q ilib tu z ilg a n boM adi. D a rs lik o ‘q itu v c h ig a o ‘z ish in i r a ts io n a l re ja la S h tirish g a y o r d a m b e ra d i, c h u n k i u h a r q a y s i m a v z u n in g o ‘q u v m a te ria lin i m u s- ta h k a m la s h n i y o ritg a n boM adi, m a te ria ln i o ‘rg a n is h u c h u n ta y y o r- g a rlik n i o ‘z v a q tid a t a ’m in la y d i, s h u n in g d e k , ilg a ri oM ilgan m a te r i a ln i tiz im li r a v is h d a v a u z lu k s iz m u s ta h k a m la s h v a ta k ro rla s h n in g m a n b a id ir. D a r s lik n in g m a z m u n ig a k ir a d ig a n u y o k i b u s a v o lla r d a s tu rd a k o ‘r s a tilg a n boM ishi k e ra k . D a rs lik n in g a s o s iy x u s u s iy a ti s h u n d a k i, u d a s tu rn in g ta la b in i o c h is h i, u n i k o n k re tla s h tiris h i, d a s tu rd a k o ‘rs a tilg a n s a v o lla r q a n d a y d a ra ja d a q a r a lis h in i o ‘z id a a k s e ttiris h i k e ra k . M a sa la n , 2 - s in f d astu rid a « te n g ikki q ism g a boM ish v a m a z m u n i b o ’y ic h a boMish, uni u m u m la sh tirish » d e g a n m a v zu n i d a rslik d a yo- ritilish in i d iq q a t b ila n q ara sak , uni b a y o n q ilish d a y e n g ilg in a x ato g a yoM q o ‘y ish m u m k in , o ‘q itu v c h i d iq q a t bilan b u m a v z u n in g m a zm u n in i tu sh u n m a sa , o ‘q u v c h ila rg a m a v z u d a k o ‘rsatilg a n ikki h o ln i: te n g ikki q ism g a boM ishi v a m a z m u n b o ‘y ic h a boMish sa v o lla rin i to ‘g ‘ri tu- sh u n tira o lm a g a n boMadi. K o ‘p so n d a g i m is o lla m i y ec h ish o rq ali h a m so n la m i te n g ik k ig a boMish u stid a m u lo h a z a n i an iq tu sh u n tira o lm a slig i m u m k in . H a q iq a ta n h a m d a rs lik d a m a s a la la r y e c h ilis h in in g b u tu rla rig a a lo h id a b o b a jra tm a g a n , h e c h q a y y e r d a b u n g a o ‘x s h a s h sa v o l v a v a z ifa la r a jra tib k o ‘r s a tilm a g a n . IV s i n f d a s tu rid a n y a n a b ir m is o l k e ltira m iz . D a s tu rd a « m il- lio n la r s in fi ic h id a y o z m a v a o g ‘z a k i ra q a m la s h » d e g a n m a v z u b o r. L e k in b u m a v z u g a tu rli x ild a g i s a v o lla r t o ‘p la m i k ira d i. IV s i n f o ‘q u v c h ila ri b ila n is h la s h d a q a y s i s a v o lla r a s o s iy boM ishi, q a y s ila r yoM -yoM akay q o ‘s h ib tu s h u n tirilis h i, q a y s i s a v o lla r a s o s iy o ‘rin n i e g a lla s h i lo z im lig in i d a r s lik k o ‘rs a tib b e ris h i k e ra k . S h u n in g d e k , d a r s lik b o sh la n g M ch s in f la rd a m a te m a tik a o ‘q itis h - n in g m a z m u n in i d a s tu r ta la b ig a n is b a ta n o y d in la s h tira d i. D a rs lik k o ‘p in c h a d a s tu rd a g i a lo h id a s a v o lla m i o ‘q itis h k e tm a - k e tlig in i a n iq la y d i, d a s tu r ta la b id a tu z ila d i. 107 D a s tu r e s a k u r s n in g q u r ilis h tiz im in i b u tu n h o ld a a k s e ttira d i (a s o s iy m a v z u la rn i o ‘q is h v a boM ish), b a ’z a n m a v z u la rn in g ic h id a m a te r ia lla m in g jo y la s h is h tiz im in i k o ‘rs a ta d i. L e k in d a s tu r h a r b ir m a v z u n in g o ‘q itis h m e to d ik a s in i o c h is h n i k o ‘r s a tm a y d i, c h u n k i b u m a z m u n d a r s lik d a b a y o n q ilin a d i. M a s a la n , 1 -s in f d a s tu rid a « 1 0 ic h id a q o ‘s h is h ja d v a li , 10 ic h id a a y iris h » , d e b n o m la b u m u m la s h g a n y o ‘n a lis h b e rilg a n . D a r s lik d a e s a ‘4 0 ic h id a q o ‘ sh is h v a a y iris h ” n in g h a r x il h o lla ri b ila n o ‘q itu v c h ila r tiz im li r a v is h d a o ‘q u v c h ila m i ta n is h tira d i. S h u n d ay q ilib , boshlangM ch s in f m a te m a tik a k u rsin in g tu z ilish tiz im i d arslik bilan d a stu rn in g u zv iy bogM iqligi aso sid a tuzilgan. S h u n in g d e k , d a r s lik d a s tu rd a g i tu s h u n tiris h x a tid a b a y o n q ilin g a n a s o s iy m e to d ik k o ‘r s a tm a la m i o c h a d i. D a rs lik o ‘q itis h j a r a y o n id a A azariy a v a a m a liy o tn in g o ‘z a ro a lo q a d o rlik ta la b in i y o r itis h - n in g a n iq yoM larini k o ‘rs a tib b e ra d i. B o sh lan g M c h s i n f m a te m a ti- k a s i I -IV s i n f u c h u n m o M jallan g an d a r s lik la rd a b e rilg a n boM ib, u n g a m a q s a d g a m u v o fiq ta n la n g a n m a s a la v a m is o l, m a s h q la r, s a v o l v a v a z ifa la r, d a s tu r o ‘z ic h ig a o lg a n n a z a riy s a v o lla r, b ilim va m a la k a la m i s h a k lla n tir is h yoM lari k iritila d i. D a rs lik d a b ilim la m i tiz im li m u s ta h k a m la s h m a q s a d id a m a s h q la r m a jm u a s in i v a q tla r b o ‘y ic h a ta q s im la s h , u la rn i h a r x il s h a ro itla rd a qoM lash k a b i m a te ria lla r b e rila d i. D a rs lik d a ta v s iy a q ilin a d ig a n m a s h q la r o ‘z a ro b o g M a n ish -d a, k u rs n in g h a r x il s a v o lla ri b ila n a lo q a d a boM gan h o ld a tu z ila d i. 0 ‘q itu v c h ig a sh u n i o ‘q tiris h k e ra k : d a r s lik d a s h u n d a y m a te r ia l la r b e rilis h i m u m k in k i, u n i o ‘q u v c h in in g o ‘z i o ld in d a n q oM lagan boM adi, g a rc h i d a s tu rd a u n i b a ja r is h z a r u r d e y ils a h a m u n g a bogM iq h o ld a d a rs lik d a sh u m a te ria lg a y a q in boM gan q o ‘s h im c h a m a te r ia lla r b e rilm a y d i. M a s a la n , d a s tu rd a I s in f b irin c h i y a rim y il b o ‘y ic h a m u s ta q il m a te ria lla m i o ‘q is h m a la k a la ri b e rila d i. D a r s lik d a e s a a rif m e tik m a t: n li m a te ria lla r ik k in c h i y a rim y ild a b e r ila b o s h la y d i. S h u n g a ta a llu q li m a s a la la r d a r s lik d a o ‘q u v y ilin in g b o s h id a n b o s h la b b e rilis h i z a ru r. B u n d a y h o ld a o ‘q itu v c h in in g o ‘z i o ‘q u v c h ila rg a m o s q ilib m a s a la m a tn in i tu z is h i z a ru r. H a r b ir s i n f u c h u n m o M jallan g an d a rs lik o g ‘z a k i h is o b la s h u s u lla ri b ila n m a la k a h o s il q ilis h g a m o M jallan g an y e ta r lic h a m a s h q la m i o ‘z ic h ig a o la d i. L e k in b u la rd a n o ‘q u v c h ila r g a te z v a t o ‘g ‘ ri 108 m a la k a h o sil q ila d ig a n la rin i ta n la s h k e ra k . D a rs lik m a te ria li h a r x il d a g i o g ‘z a k i m a s h q la r, b o s h q a o ‘q u v m a n b a la rid a n f o y d a la n g a n m a te r ia lla r b ila n t o ‘ld irib b o rilis h i k e ra k . D a s tu rn in g h a r s a v o lig a ta a llu q li b o ‘lg a n y e ta r lic h a v a z a ru riy m a s h q la r so n in i fa q a t o ‘q itu v c h in in g o ‘zi ta n la s h i m u m k in , q a c h o n k i b u o ‘q itu v c h i to p s h irilg a n m a s h q la m i y e c h is h m u m k in lin ig in i to ‘lig ‘ ic h a b ila o lsa . B a ’zi h o lla r d a o ’q itu v c h i d a r s lik d a n f o y d a la n g a n m a s h q la m i y a n a qoM laydi, b u n d a b u m a s h q d la r o ‘q u v c h ila r to - m o n id a n y a x s h i o ‘z la s h trilg a n lig i u c h u n u n g a o ‘q u v c h ila r q iz iq is h - m a y d i. B u m a s a la d a d a r s lik d a q o ‘s h im c h a ta rz d a m a x s u s q o ‘ lla n m a n in g boM ishi k a tta fo y d a b e ra d i. M a s h q la r tiz im in i ta n la s h d a d a r s lik o ‘q itu v c h i u c h u n a s o s iy m a n z il boM ib x iz m a t q ilis h i k e ra k . B u tiz im s h u n d a y q u r ilis h i k e ra k k i, d a s tu rn in g b a r c h a ta la b la rin i b a ja ris h u c h u n z a r u riy s h a ro it y a ra tilg a n boM ishi k e ra k . M a s a la n , b u n d a y m u r a k k a b m a s a la n in g y e c h ilis h i d a r s lik la m in g ta rk ib iy tu z ilis h ig a b o ‘y s u n is h i k e ra k . 7. Download 7.79 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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