Bukhara Бухоро / Buxoro

Climate data for Bukhara (1981-2010)

Month		Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Year
Average high °C (°F)		6.6 (43.9)	10.1 (50.2)	16.4 (61.5)	24.5 (76.1)	30.4 (86.7)	35.9 (96.6)	37.2 (99.0)	35.5 (95.9)	29.9 (85.8)	22.9 (73.2)	15.5 (59.9)	8.4 (47.1)	22.8 (73.0)
Average low °C (°F)		−2.5 (27.5)	−0.6 (30.9)	4.2 (39.6)	10.2 (50.4)	15.0 (59.0)	19.4 (66.9)	21.2 (70.2)	18.9 (66.0)	12.9 (55.2)	6.7 (44.1)	2.3 (36.1)	−1.2 (29.8)	8.9 (48.0)
Average precipitation mm (inches)		19.1 (0.75)	18.9 (0.74)	29.5 (1.16)	20.1 (0.79)	12.4 (0.49)	1.8 (0.07)	0.7 (0.03)	0.2 (0.01)	1.0 (0.04)	2.0 (0.08)	12.0 (0.47)	17.3 (0.68)	135 (5.31)
Average precipitation days		10	10	10	8	7	2	1	1	1	4	7	9	70
Average relative humidity (%)		80	75	72	59	46	38	40	44	48	56	64	79	58
Source 1: Centre of Hydrometeorological Service of Uzbekistan^[39]
Source 2: Deutscher Wetterdienst (humidity)^[40]

Transportation

Bukhara train station
Bukhara International Airport has regularly scheduled flights to cities in Uzbekistan and Russia. The Turkmenistan border is about 80 km away with the nearest city there being Türkmenabat, connected via the M37 highway which continues to other places in Turkmenistan including Ashgabat. The city is also served by railroad links with the rest of Uzbekistan, and is a hub for roadways leading to all major cities in Uzbekistan and beyond, including Mazar-i-Sharif in Afghanistan via the M39 highway. The city of Samarkand is 215 km to the east of Bukhara.^[41]
Internal transportation facilities
Bukhara city is the largest transport hub after Tashkent in Uzbekistan. Inside the city there is facility of bus transportation. There are over 45 bus lines. Majority of them have been equipped with ISUZU buses but some buses are being brought from China. By the number of buses and bus routes facilities Bukhara is the largest after Tashkent in Uzbekistan.
Demographics
Bukhara recorded a population of 279,200 in the year 2019. Bukhara (along with Samarkand) is one of the two major centers of Uzbekistan's Tajik minority. Bukhara was also home to the Bukharian Jews, whose ancestors settled in the city during Roman times. Most Bukharian Jews left Bukhara between 1925 and 2000.
Ali-Akbar Dehkhoda defines the name Bukhara itself as meaning "full of knowledge", referring to the fact that in antiquity, Bukhara was a scientific and scholarship powerhouse. In the Italian romantic epic Orlando innamorato by Matteo Maria Boiardo, Bukhara is called Albracca and described as a major city of Cathay. There, within its walled city and fortress, Angelica and the knights she has befriended make their stand when attacked by Agrican, emperor of Tartary. As described, this siege by Agrican resembles the historic siege by Genghis Khan in 1220.^[42]
Ethnic groups
According to the official statistics, the city's population is 82% Uzbeks, 6% Russians, 4% Tajiks, 3% Tatars, 1% Koreans, 1% Turkmens, 1% Ukrainians, 2% of other ethnicities.^[43] However, official Uzbek numbers have for long been criticized and refuted by various observers and Western sources^[44][45] and it is widely assumed that the population of the city consists mainly of Tajik-speaking Tajiks, with ethnic Uzbeks forming a growing minority.^[46] Exact figures are difficult to evaluate, since many people in Uzbekistan either identify as "Uzbek" even though they speak Tajik as their first language, or because they are registered as Uzbeks by the central government despite their Tajik language and identity. According to Soviet estimates in the early 20th century (based on numbers from 1913 and 1917), the Tajiks formed the overwhelming majority of city.^[45]
Religion
The religion with the largest community of followers is Islam. The majority of the Muslims are Sunni Muslims who make up 88 percent of the population. Eastern Orthodox make up 9 percent, and others 3 percent.