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Case task № 3
I.Formulation of the case-task: The Phonological aspect of Speech Sounds.
Phonology is a branch of phonetics which studies the functional aspect of sounds. The number of phonemes in each language is much smaller than its number of allophones. It means that each phoneme has several allophones. Classification of allophones is very important for practical teaching, because in actual speech it is allophones that people pronounce and not phonemes.There are actually some remarkable differences between the pronunciation of a word in isolation and the same word in a block of connected speech. These changes are mostly quite regular and predictable.
II Try to find out the solutions of the following problems
1.Prove the statement “the number of phonemes in each language is much smaller than its number of allophones” giving some examples. 2.Speak about the types of allophones. Give examples.
3.Give some information of the three aspects of the phoneme: 1/ material /real and objective/; 2/ abstractional / generalized/; 3/ functional. 4.Speak about the types of transcriptions.
III Give phonetical analysis of the following sentence:
- Ah, that’s better. I’m sorry to trouble you, Mr. Simonds.
– Never mind.
1.Analyze the following vowel and consonant sounds according to the principles of vowel and consonant classifications: [i: ], [ ә], [æ:], [ ei], [p ], [l], [d], [ b].
2.Divide the words in the sentence into syllables and define the type of the syllables.
3.Find the cases of modifications of speech sounds in a given sentence and define their type (i.e. assimilation, accommodation, elision, loss of plosion, lateral plosion etc. /.
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Case task № 4
I. Formulation of the case-task:Мodification of Consonant and Vowel phonemes in connected speech.
In every use language is not conducted in isolated, separate units; it is performed in connected sequence of larger units, in words, phrases and longer utterances. There are actually some remarkable differences between the pronunciation of a word in isolation and the same word in a block of connected speech. These changes are mostly quite regular and predictable. The problem of defining the phonemic status of sounds in connected speech is too complicated because of the numerous modifications of sounds in speech. These modifications are observed both within words and word boundaries / or junctions/.
As a result of the intercourse between consonants and vowels there appear some processes of modification in connected speech. What modifications concerning consonant phonemes do you know?
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