Chapter I. Brief note about life and works of robert burns

The actuality of the theme lies in the current importance of national identity and the role of literature in shaping it. Burns’ poetry is crucial to the Scottish identity and this course work will explore how the theme of motherland is portrayed in his works.
The aim of the course work is to analyze the theme of motherland in Robert Burns’ poetry. The work aims to look at the significance of the Scottish motherland in Burns’ poetry and the impact of his work on Scottish nationalism and cultural identity.
The tasks of the course work are
- to give general information about life and works of R. Burns;
-to analyze the concept of motherland in Burns’ poetry;
-to assess how his poetry contributed to the shaping of Scottish nationalism in the 18th century;
-to discuss how his works continue to impact Scottish cultural identity today.
The theoretical value of the course work lies in exploring the concept of national identity in literature and understanding the role of literature in shaping cultural identity.
The practical value of the course work is to provide insight into the importance of national identity and how literature can be utilized to shape a cultural identity. The work will also be relevant in highlighting the significance of Robert Burns’ poetry to Scottish cultural identity.
The subject of the given course work is the theme of motherland in Robert Burns’ poetry.
The object of the course work is to analyze and interpret the theme of motherland in Robert Burns’ poetry and to assess the impact of his work on Scottish nationalism and cultural identity.
The structure of the course work. In accordance with the goals and objectives of the work, the structure is composed of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, and list of used literature.

CHAPTER I. BRIEF NOTE ABOUT LIFE AND WORKS OF ROBERT BURNS
1. Robert Burns’ biography
Robert Burns was born in 1759 to William and Agnes Brown Burnes in Alloway, Scotland. He was a Scottish poet and lyricist like his father, Rabbie Burns, who was also well-known. He is praised all over the world and is widely regarded as Scotland's national poet. Although most of his work is written in a "light Scots dialect" of English that can be understood by readers outside of Scotland, he is the most well-known poet to have written in the Scots language. Additionally, he wrote in standard English, and his political or civil commentary is frequently at its most direct in these writings[3,43].
After his death, he became a cultural icon in Scotland and among the Scottish diaspora worldwide, as well as a significant source of inspiration for the founders of liberalism and socialism. He is regarded as a pioneer of the Romantic movement. During the 19th and 20th centuries, celebrations of his life and work evolved almost into a national charismatic cult, and Scottish literature has long benefited greatly from his influence. In a poll conducted by Scottish television channel STV in 2009, the public of Scotland selected him as the greatest Scot[3,52].
As well as making unique structures, Consumes likewise gathered people tunes from across Scotland, frequently amending or adjusting them. His sonnet (and tune) "Days of yore" is in many cases sung at Hogmanay (the last day of the year), and "Scots Wha Hae" served for quite a while as an informal public song of praise of the country. "A Red, Red Rose," "A Man's a Man for A' That," "To a Louse," "To a Mouse," "The Battle of Sherramuir," "Tam o' Shanter," and "Ae Fond Kiss" are among Burns' other well-known poems and songs.
Consumes was conceived two miles (3 km) south of Ayr, in Alloway, the oldest of the seven offspring of William Burnes, a self-taught sharecropper from Dunnottar in the Mearns, and Agnes Bros, the little girl of a Kirkoswald sharecropper. He was born in the house that his father built, which is now the Burns Cottage Museum. He lived there until Easter 1766, when he was seven years old. William Burnes acquired the Mount Oliphant farm, which is situated southeast of Alloway and is 70 acres (280,000 m2) in size. Burns lived in poverty and hardship as a child, and the farm's heavy manual labor contributed to his premature stoop and weak constitution.
He received most of his education from his father, who also wrote A Manual of Christian Belief for his children and taught them reading, writing, arithmetic, geography, and history. He also received instruction from John Murdoch, who established an "adventure school" in Alloway in 1763 and taught mathematics, Latin, and French to Robert and his brother Gilbert, from 1765 until Murdoch left the parish in 1768. Burns was educated at home for a few years before being sent to Dalrymple Parish School in the middle of 1772. He returned to the farm during harvest to work full-time until 1773, when he was sent to live with Murdoch for three weeks to study grammar, French, and Latin[3,68].
Burns was the primary laborer at Mount Oliphant when he was 15 years old. During the reap of 1774, he was helped by Nelly Kilpatrick, who roused his most memorable endeavor at verse, "O, When I Lov'd A Bonnie Young lady". In 1775, he was shipped off finish his schooling with a coach at Kirkoswald, where he met Peggy Thompson, to whom he composed two melodies, "Presently Westlin' Winds" and "I Dream'd I Lay". In spite of his capacity and character, William Burnes was reliably appalling, and moved with his huge family from one ranch to another while never having the option to advance his circumstances. At Whitsun, 1777, he eliminated his enormous family from the troublesome states of Mount Oliphant to the 130-section of land (0.53 km2) ranch at Lochlea, close to Tarbolton, where they remained until William Burnes' passing in 1784. Hence, the family became incorporated into the local area of Tarbolton. To his dad's dissatisfaction, Robert joined a nation moving school in 1779 and, with Gilbert, shaped the Tarbolton Single men's Club the next year. His earliest existing letters date from this time, when he started making heartfelt suggestions to her. She turned him down despite the fact that he had written her four songs and suggested that he wanted to marry her. Robert Consumes was started into the Masonic hotel St David, Tarbolton, on 4 July 1781, when he was 22.
In December 1781, Consumes moved briefly to Irvine to figure out how to turn into a flax-dresser, yet during the laborers' festivals for New Year 1781/1782 (which included Consumes as a member) the flax shop burst into flames and was caught fire. This adventure as needs be reached a conclusion, and Consumes returned home to Lochlea ranch. He met and became friends with Captain Richard Brown during this time, who encouraged him to become a poet. He kept on composing sonnets and melodies and started a typical book in 1783, while his dad battled a legitimate question with his property manager. The case went to the Court of Meeting, and Burnes was maintained in January 1784, a fortnight before he died[3,73].
Elizabeth "Bess" Burns, his first child, was born to Elizabeth Paton, his mother's servant, while he was dating Jean Armour, who gave birth to twins in March 1786. Jean's father "was in the greatest distress, and fainted away" when Burns signed a document certifying his marriage to her. Her parents sent her to live with her uncle in Paisley to avoid embarrassment. In spite of the fact that Covering's dad at first disallowed it, they were hitched in 1788. Nine children were born to Armour, three of whom lived to adulthood[3,78].
Consumes was in monetary troubles because of his absence of outcome in cultivating, and to bring in sufficient cash to help a family he took up a proposal of work in Jamaica from Patrick Douglas of Garrallan, Old Cumnock, whose sugar estates outside Port Antonio were overseen by his sibling Charles, under whom Consumes was to be a "clerk" (colleague manager of slaves). It has been proposed that the position was for a solitary man, and that he would reside in natural circumstances, not liable to be residing in the extraordinary house at a compensation of £30 per annum. It is said with all due respect that in 1786 the abolitionist development was simply starting to be comprehensively dynamic. It is disputed whether "The Slave's Lament," written in 1792, was written by Burns. This work is said to represent his egalitarian views. According to Lisa Williams, Burns "is strangely silent on the question of chattel slavery compared to other contemporary poets." His name is not included in any petitions for abolition. Maybe this was because of his administration position, serious impediments on free discourse at that point or his relationship with recipients of the slave exchange system"[4,12].
Burns fell in love with Mary Campbell around the same time, whom he had seen in church while still living in Tarbolton. She was born close to Dunoon and had previously resided in Campbeltown before relocating to Ayrshire to work. He wrote the poems "Highland Mary," "The Highland Lassie O," and "To Mary in Heaven" with her in mind. "Will ye go to the Indies, my Mary, and leave aold Scotia's shore?" was the title of his song. suggests that they intended to immigrate together to Jamaica. There has been a lot of speculation about their relationship, and it has been suggested that on May 14, 1786, they exchanged Bibles and got married in the traditional way over the Water of Fail. Mary Campbell left her job in Ayrshire shortly thereafter, traveled to Greenock's seaport, and then sailed back to Campbeltown to be with her parents. In October 1786, Mary and her dad cruised from Campbeltown to visit her sibling in Greenock. Her sibling became sick with typhus, which she additionally got while nursing him. She passed on from typhus on 20 or 21 October 1786 and was covered there[4,41].

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