Chapter I introduction to higher education system

Tertiary Education: Postgraduate Education
According to the Resolution of the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan № 4456 " On further improvement of the system for training and attestation of university level research and teaching staff " (24 July 2012) and the Decree of the Cabinet of Ministers of the Republic of Uzbekistan №365 "On measures for further improvement of postgraduate education system and on attestation of scientific and academic research personnel of highest qualification" (28 December 2012), the two-stage postgraduate education (two scientific degrees “Candidate of Sciences” and “Doctor of Sciences ”) was replaced by a single level of "Doctor of Sciences" (In Uzbek - "Fan doktori") starting from the 1 January 2013.
Types of Higher Education Institutions
In Uzbekistan there are HEIs of the following types:
• University: provides educational programmes of higher education (both Bachelor and Master levels) and postgraduate education in a range of fields of knowledge and education: economy, fundamental and applied sciences and also carries out scientific research in a wide range of disciplines. The universities also conduct re-training and upgrading of qualifications for specialists in different sectors. The country has 32 universities in total, including 20 public universities, their 6 branches in regions and 6 branches of Overseas Universities.
• Academy: provides educational programmes in higher education in specific fields of knowledge and education. The Academies also conduct re-training and upgrading of qualifications for specialists in different sectors and represent leading scientific–methodological centres in the respective fields of their activities.
In 2015 there were total 6 Academies under various bodies: Tashkent State Medical Academy and its 2 branches in regions, the State Tax Academy, the Academy of Public Administration, the Banking and Finance Academy.
• Institute: provides educational programmes of higher education (Bachelor and Master levels) and postgraduate education, as a rule, in specific branches of study within one area of knowledge and education. The Institutes also carry out applied and, as a rule, fundamental scientific research. Throughout Uzbekistan there are in total 44 institutes, including 36 public and their 7 branches in regions of the country, as well as 1 branch of an Overseas HEIs.